A 50 kg boy runs and jumps with a forward velocity of 1.5 m/s into a 125 kg stationary boat. What is the final velocity of the boy/boat system?

The boy and boat move together after the jump, so conserve momentum: the initial momentum is (50 kg)(1.5 m/s) + (125 kg)(0 m/s) = 75 kg·m/s forward. Their combined mass is 50 kg + 125 kg = 175 kg, giving a final velocity of 75 ÷ 175 ≈ 0.43 m/s forward. The correct choice is A, 0.43 meters per second, forward.

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