AnswersTX-Physics CRFirst Law of Thermodynamics

Lesson 5: First Law of Thermodynamics Answers

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Three hundred joules of heat are added to a system. The system uses 140 joules to do work.

A
140 J
B
160 J
C
240 J
D
440 J
3
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Thermodynamics is the study of the relationship between thermal energy and

A
mass.
B
other forms of energy.
C
types of engines.
D
temperature.
4

In an adiabatic process, the greater the compression of a gas, the greater the pressure of that gas. Based on this information, which graph best shows the relationship between the pressure and temperature of a gas?

A
A graph with temperature on the x axis and pressure on the y axis. The graph is a diagonal line from the origin with a slope of 1.
Option A
B
A graph with temperature on the x axis in Kelvin and pressure on the y axis. The graph is an inverse relationship.
Option B
C
A graph with temperature on the x axis in Kelvin and pressure on the y axis. The graph is a horizontal line.
Option C
D
A graph with temperature on the x axis in Kelvin and pressure on the y axis. The graph is a vertical line.
Option D
6

The diagram shows a closed system before and after heat is added to it.

Question illustration
A
Kinetic energy within the system decreases and creates mechanical energy as the piston moves upward.
B
Kinetic energy within the system increases and is transformed into mechanical energy as the piston moves upward.
C
Mechanical energy within the system increases and is transformed into kinetic energy as the piston moves upward.
D
Mechanical energy within the system decreases and creates kinetic energy as the piston moves upward.
7

In the formula used to solve problems related to the first law of thermodynamics, what does Q represent?

A
internal energy
B
heat
C
work
D
external energy
8

Suppose the spark plug on a heat engine is not functioning properly. Which statement best explains how this will affect the engine?

A
The temperature of the gas will not increase during the compression stage.
B
Burned gases will not be released into the surrounding air.
C
The fuel-air mixture will not be able to enter the cylinder.
D
Combustion and subsequent gas expansion will not occur.
9

In an adiabatic process, what happens when gases in a system are compressed?

A
The system absorbs all of the heat.
B
The system releases all of the heat.
C
The temperature of the system increases.
D
The temperature of the system decreases.
10

During an adiabatic process in a closed system, what happens to a gas when the gas expands?

A
Its temperature increases.
B
Its temperature decreases.
C
Its molecules gain mass.
D
Its molecules lose mass.

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