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Orbital Motion Answers

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Lexy used the formula shown to calculate the force of gravity on a space shuttle.Fg = G

Question illustration
A
the difference between Earth’s mass and the space shuttle’s mass
B
the sum of Earth’s mass and the space shuttle’s mass
C
the mass of Earth
D
the mass of the space shuttle
2
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Which best explains why a satellite accelerates?

A
It is always changing direction.
B
It is constantly slowed by gravity.
C
It does not have forces acting on it.
D
It is weightless when it is in orbit.
3

What is the only force acting on an object orbiting Earth?

A
air resistance
B
friction
C
inertia
D
gravity
4

How high above Earth is a satellite orbiting if its tangential velocity is 5000 m/s? Earth’s mass is kg and its radius is m.

Question illustration
A
1,500,000 m
B
2,240,000 m
C
9,608,000 m
D
16,008,000 m
5

Why are satellites placed into orbit at least 150 km above Earth’s surface?

A
to avoid air resistance
B
to match Earth’s curvature
C
to create inertia
D
to increase friction
6

A group of scientists is trying to launch an object into orbit, and the object is traveling at 6500 m/s. Which best explains why the object will not successfully orbit Earth?

A
There is not enough air resistance to keep the object moving.
B
There is not enough friction to keep the object moving.
C
The object is not traveling fast enough to match Earth’s curvature.
D
The object is traveling too fast to match Earth’s curvature.
7

Hannah has information about an object in circular orbit around Earth. mEarth = 6.0 × 1024 kgG = 6.67 × 10–11 rearth=6.0 x 106 m

Question illustration
A
the mass of the orbiting object
B
the distance of the orbiting object to Earth
C
the orbital period of Earth
D
the radius of Earth
8

Once an object enters orbit, what keeps the object moving sideways?

A
inertia
B
gravity
C
centripetal force
D
air resistance
9

Which formula can be used to find the tangential speed of an orbiting object?

A
v =
Option A
B
v =
Option B
C
v = G
Option C
D
v = r
Option D
10

Enrique is given information about a satellite orbiting Earth.r = 3.8 × 108 mT = 18 days

A
convert the radius to kilometers
B
convert the orbital period to seconds
C
find the square root of the radius
D
find the square root of the orbital period

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