Population Genetics Answers

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Which respresents the common conditions of all three of the following: genetic drift, the founder principle, and the bottleneck effect?

A
occurs in small populations when one genetic trait becomes more common in a population purely by chance
B
occurs in small populations and results in a decrease in genetic diversity and/or an increase in the occurrence of specific genetic traits
C
when a small group of organisms only reproduce with each other to create a larger population of organisms
D
when the majority of a population is killed off and there are only a few remaining organisms left to rebuild the population
3

The disproportionately high appearance of polydactylism among the Amish suggests that _______.

A
it is a common mutation
B
it is a common birth defect in Pennsylvania
C
it was overrepresented in the gene pool of the original Amish settlers
D
humans are prone to this birth defect
4

A species that has experienced a severe bottleneck event would be expected to _______.

A
be better able to adapt to changing environmental pressures
B
have few instances of inbreeding
C
be more susceptible to disease and famine
D
retain significant genetic diversity
5

Which of the following is not a potential result of a bottleneck event?

A
an increase in potential mates
B
a decrease in genetic diversity
C
an increase in inbreeding
D
an increased chance of extinction
6

R-organisms reproduce at a very high rate. Knowing this, why don’t they usually reach their carrying capacity?

A
They live in environments with many predators that feed on them.
B
They are regularly killed off by disease and/or drought.
C
Their life span is too short.
D
a and b only
7

The study of island biogeography is best said to be based on _______.

A
founder populations
B
genetic drift
C
genetic diversity
D
offspring exhibiting parental genes
8

The founder effect is an example of _______.

A
the enhancement of recessive traits
B
genetic drift
C
human reproduction
D
the enhancement of dominant traits
9

Which respresents the common conditions of all three of the following: genetic drift, the founder principle, and the bottleneck effect?

A
occurs in small populations when one genetic trait becomes more common in a population purely by chance
B
occurs in small populations and results in a decrease in genetic diversity and/or an increase in the occurrence of specific genetic traits
C
when a small group of organisms only reproduce with each other to create a larger population of organisms
D
when the majority of a population is killed off and there are only a few remaining organisms left to rebuild the population
10

The bottleneck event that decimated the bison was caused by _______.

A
overhunting
B
climate change
C
disease
D
habitat destruction
11

The founder effect is an example of _______.

A
the enhancement of recessive traits
B
genetic drift
C
human reproduction
D
the enhancement of dominant traits
12

The Amish are an example of a population where the founder effect has resulted in generally rare genetic traits being more commonly expressed.

A
T
B
F
14

Which of the following statements is most accurate concerning the founder effect?

A
It increases genetic variation.
B
It is not an example of genetic drift.
C
It results when a small population breaks away from a larger one.
D
It only occurs amongst the Amish.
15

In nature, this method is the only way diversity is truly created. Changes in the genetic material of an organism are passed on to offspring and, although the process is slow, it could eventually result in the creation of a new species. These statements describe the effects of _______ on biodiversity.

A
growth rate
B
genetic drift
C
mutation
D
carrying capacity
16

Conservation efforts have preserved most of the bison’s original genetic diversity.

A
T
B
F
17

The bottleneck event that decimated the bison was caused by _______.

A
overhunting
B
climate change
C
disease
D
habitat destruction
18

Genetic drift is best described as the redistribution of the frequency of gene occurrence in a(n) _______.

A
population
B
organism
C
ecosystem
D
disaster
19

The Toba supervolcanic event caused a bottleneck in the human population by _______.

A
raising global temperatures
B
humans choking on volcanic ash
C
inducing an ice age
D
volcanic lava burning human villages
20

The disproportionately high appearance of polydactylism among the Amish suggests that _______.

A
it is a common mutation
B
it is a common birth defect in Pennsylvania
C
it was overrepresented in the gene pool of the original Amish settlers
D
humans are prone to this birth defect

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