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Practice Test Answers

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1
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Which is an agent that causes a mutation in DNA or chromosomes?

A
karyotype
B
nondisjunction
C
phenotype
D
mutagen
2
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Which is an application of DNA technology in medicine?

A
mapping human genes for manipulation
B
producing disease resistant humans
C
determining specific traits that a baby will have before its conception
D
determining hereditary diseases in individuals and families
3

What does DNA provide the code for?

A
protein synthesis
B
deoxyribose formation
C
nitrogenous base pairing
D
nucleotide synthesis
4

Corn can be injected with herbicide-tolerant recombinant DNA. Which type of organism is herbicide-tolerant corn?

A
purebred organism
B
recombinant organism
C
infertile organism
D
transgenic organism
5

Which best describes a gene?

A
the short arm of a chromosome
B
tightly coiled strands of DNA
C
a segment of chromosomal DNA
D
the center of a chromosome
6

Which diagram correctly shows how homozygous alleles are found on homologous chromosomes?

A
Image with description A chromosome is labeled a a.
B
Image with description A chromosome is labeled Upper A a.
C
Image with description 2 chromosomes are labeled Upper A and a.
D
Image with description 2 chromosomes are labeled a and a.
7

Which base is found only in DNA?

A
cytosine
B
adenine
C
guanine
D
thymine
9

A mutation causes a sequence of DNA that has the nucleotides TTG to be changed to TCG. The resulting protein has a different sequence of amino acids. Which type of mutation is this?

A
frameshift
B
silent
C
missense
D
nonsense
10

Missense, nonsense, and silent mutations are examples of which type of mutation?

A
replication
B
insertion
C
deletion
D
substitution
11

Which step in transcription occurs first?

A
mRNA moves the code from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein production.
B
A gene is expressed through protein production.
C
RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter.
D
A repressor protein must attach to the operator.
12

Which does not occur during translation?

A
Met-tRNA binds to the start codon.
B
DNA is transcribed into a complementary strand of mRNA.
C
tRNA pairs with complementary mRNA.
D
A chain of amino acids, linked by peptide bonds, is formed.
13

A strand of DNA contains the bases adenine, cytosine, cytosine, and guanine, in that order. Which would be the order of the bases on the opposite strand of DNA?

A
thymine, guanine, guanine, and cytosine
B
thymine, adenine, adenine, and cytosine
C
cytosine, thymine, thymine, and adenine
D
cytosine, adenine, adenine, and thymine
14

Photo 51 is a picture of the structure of DNA that was used to create a model of DNA. Who created the photo?

A
Erwin Chargaff
B
Friedrich Miescher
C
Rosalind Franklin
D
James Watson and Francis Crick
15

What occurs at step 4 in the diagram?

A
The foreign DNA is placed in a mechanical vector for cloning.
B
The foreign DNA is inserted into the host cell genome.
C
The foreign DNA is isolated by restriction enzymes.
D
The foreign DNA is placed in a biological vector for cloning.
16

Which best describes step 3 in the diagram?

A
Recombinant DNA is inserted into a biological vector; the vector houses the recombinant DNA and can produce copies of DNA for itself and the recombinant DNA.
B
Cloning of the recombinant DNA occurs; the DNA is cloned in the biological vector to create more DNA for use in the host.
C
Restriction enzymes cut the DNA into fragments; the fragments join with the host DNA to create recombinant DNA.
D
Recombinant DNA is inserted into a mechanical vector; the mechanical vector allows the DNA to be inserted into the DNA clone for use in the host.

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