AnswersSLAE 26-27 ENGLISH 12.1Writing an Argumentative Editorial about Initiating Change

Writing an Argumentative Editorial about Initiating Change — Unit test Answers

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Read the passage.With car crashes being the leading cause of death among teenagers, many are in favor of raising the legal driving age to eighteen. According to the National Highway Safety Administration, the rate of crashes, both fatal and nonfatal, for sixteen-year-old drivers is almost ten times the rate as that of drivers aged thirty to fifty-nine, as calculated per mile driven. No one disputes the idea that raising the legal driving age will create issues and difficulties for many; however, these issues pale in comparison with the issue of safety. "The bottom line is that when we look at the research, raising the driving age saves lives," states Adrian Lund, president of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, a research group funded by the auto insurance industry. To date, New Jersey is the only state to raise the legal driving age to seventeen, and various studies have shown that the overall rate of teen fatalities linked to automobile accidents has been consistently lower compared to that of nearby states.A student is researching evidence to support the claim below.Some people believe that raising the legal driving age to eighteen in the United States would cause a wealth of problems for society, but the benefits of doing so far outweigh the potential inconveniences.

A
Raising the driving age would reinforce the idea that driving is a privilege.
B
Teenagers are not mature enough to drive at the age of sixteen.
C
The legal driving age should be raised to eighteen for safety reasons.
D
Eighteen-years-olds are better able to sustain the costs of driving.
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Read the rough draft of a student’s conclusion to an argumentative editorial.(1) Year-round schooling would help student achievement. (2) Not so much information would have to be crammed into nine months. (3) Furthermore, the elimination of long breaks, particularly summer break, would significantly reduce "learning loss” and the additional time wasted at the beginning of each academic year to reteach previously learned material. (4) It is clear that year-round schooling helps students learn and retain more. (5) The United States is not the only country to experiment with a year-round school schedule. (6) Although many still claim that evidence about year-round school and its link to higher achievement is inconclusive, these people need to open their eyes and see that students in these schools consistently score higher on certain assessments than students who attend schools with traditional nine-month calendars. (7) It is about time that we replaced our outdated and inefficient school calendars.

A
replacing “help” with “affect”
B
replacing “help” with “likely support”
C
replacing “help” with “increase”
D
replacing “help” with “steadily boost”
3

Read the sample student claim and counterclaim.Claim: Although many people argue that medical testing on animals is a violation of animal rights, the benefits it yields for society far outweigh any argument that can be made.Counterclaim: There are safer and more accurate ways to test medications without using animals.

A
The physiologies of humans and some animals are very similar, so the reactions of these creatures to certain medications are the most reliable guide to the possible reactions of human patients.
B
Scientists are more easily able to control an animal’s environment, such as diet and temperature, than they are that of humans, which makes the tests far more reliable than alternative methods.
C
Animals have emotions and can feel pain much as humans do, which is why I feel that it is cruel to subject these vulnerable creatures to unfair tests that we are unwilling to conduct on humans.
D
If we ban testing on animals for medical research that could save lives, then it also must be made illegal to hunt and kill animals simply because we would like to include meat in our daily diets.
4

Read the sample student claim and counterclaim.Claim: Although many argue that homework plays a vital role in the educational process, the negative aspects of homework far surpass the potential benefits.Counterclaim: Homework helps students develop valuable skills, such as independent learning, needed for college and the workplace.

A
One generally accepted rule of thumb is that students should do ten minutes of homework per night for each grade level.
B
Countless studies have shown that many students find homework to be boring, tiring, stressful, and frustrating.
C
The time required to grade homework is yet another task that diverts a teacher’s attention from actually teaching.
D
It is nearly impossible to know if the completed homework actually belongs to the student or has been copied from another.
5

Read the sample student claim.If higher education was made free for everyone, I would be thrilled because more people would purse knowledge to obtain more successful careers.

A
It is a topic with two or more viewpoints.
B
It does not contain the writer’s opinion.
C
It is simply a personal preference or feeling.
D
It can not be supported by evidence.
6

Which statement best expresses a claim?

A
Although many people believe homework is a crucial part of school, there is evidence to suggest that homework may not be as valuable as once thought.
B
The amount of homework given by some high school teachers is insane and actually has negative effects on other important aspects of a student’s life.
C
I would have so much more time to do the extracurricular activities and hobbies I enjoy if I did not have to spend most of my evenings doing homework.
D
Some schools have adopted homework policies that limit the amount of homework that teachers are allowed to assign their students each night.
7

Read the sample student claim.Many people claim that cell phones are unsafe and that the damage they cause has yet to be revealed, but the benefits they provide far outweigh any potential and unproven risks.

A
Certain types of cancers take twenty to thirty years to develop, and cell phone studies have only been monitoring this potential connection for ten years or less.
B
On April 3, 1973, the first mobile telephone call was made by Martin Cooper, who is now referred to and known as “the father of the cell phone.”
C
The portability of cell phones increases personal safety by affording people an easier and faster way to call for help in the event of a serious or life-threatening emergency.
D
According to the Federal Communications Commission and the Food and Drug Administration, cell phone use has not been linked to an increased risk of brain tumors.
8

Read the sample student claim.Although many applaud the increased opportunities for research and communication afforded by the Internet, it has actually brought more harm to society than good.

A
There is a higher risk that information obtained on the Internet is not as accurate as print sources.
B
The Internet provides access to information that would otherwise be unobtainable to the general public.
C
Many people are addicted to the Internet and no longer spend valuable time exploring outside interests.
D
Development of the Internet occurred from the late 1950s to the 1970s by a group of researchers and scientists.
9

Read the rough draft of a student’s conclusion to an argumentative editorial.(1) Year-round schooling would help student achievement. (2) Not so much information would have to be crammed into nine months. (3) Furthermore, the elimination of long breaks, particularly summer break, would significantly reduce "learning loss” and the additional time wasted at the beginning of each academic year to reteach previously learned material. (4) It is clear that year-round schooling helps students learn and retain more. (5) The United States is not the only country to experiment with a year-round school schedule. (6) Although many still claim that evidence about year-round school and its link to higher achievement is inconclusive, these people need to open their eyes and see that students in these schools consistently score higher on certain assessments than students who attend schools with traditional nine-month calendars. (7) It is about time that we replaced our outdated and inefficient school calendars.

A
This would cause less frustration for teachers because they would not have to plan a lesson to reteach a concept that the students should already know.
B
Because students would not need to spend so much time reviewing previously covered material, they would then have more time to master new concepts.
C
Spending time re-learning old material is something I always dreaded at the beginning of each new academic year because it was a waste of time.
D
Students would not lose as much information because the breaks would not be long enough for them to forget everything they learned the previous year.
10

Read the sample student paragraph that addresses a counterclaim.Some claim that the Internet both invades and compromises one’s right to privacy. However, this is ridiculous. The Internet is only as invasive as one allows it to be, particularly since there are laws to protect people’s privacy. Exercising caution when supplying personal information online is the most vital step in protecting one’s privacy. Any information you do not feel comfortable sharing online should not be shared, and sensitive information should only be provided to trusted organizations. Additionally, some states have already enacted privacy laws that model the Federal Privacy Act of 1974, ensuring that information collected for one purpose may not be used—or sold—for other purposes without first notifying the individual to whom the data belongs. The first and most important protector of an individual’s information is that individual. People whose personal information is not properly protected only have themselves to blame.

A
angry.
B
humorous.
C
rude.
D
respectful.

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