Lab: Natural Selection-Standard Bio 4.2 — Unit test Answers

Which describes the modern classification system?

Consider the cladogram.Which group of organisms has the derived characteristics of true tissues, bilateral symmetry, and a pseudocoelom?

A scientist is trying to determine how closely related a moth species (Species Z) is to four other moth species (Species A, B, C, and D). He examined the DNA of each species and compared it to the study subject. He then created this table.Species# of genetic differences Species A12Species B3Species C14Species D28Which species is most closely related to the moth species (Species Z)?

Why was modern classification invented?

If two organisms are in the same clade, what can you predict about their relationship?

Dr. Digger, a paleontologist, finds a fossil that he describes in his journal.The creature was approximately 1 meter long, with its backbone fused into a large shell covering the body cavity. It had a beaklike mouth, without teeth, and all four limbs were in the form of flippers.Based on anatomical similarities, to which modern animal is Dr. Digger’s creature most closely related?

Consider the phylogenetic tree of Old World primates.According to the tree, which primates share the most recent common ancestor with humans?

A scientist discovers a new organism that is related to clownfish. What can the scientist discover by using molecular clocks?

Julia is trying to place a duckbilled platypus, lizard, bear, and monkey on a phylogenetic tree. She learns that the duckbilled platypus, bear, and monkey are classified as mammals. She also learns that mammals share a common ancestor with reptiles. Which additional piece of information will be most helpful to Julia to properly build her phylogenetic tree?

In a cladogram, what occurs at a node?