Pretest Answers

Which text structure is used in this passage?

Read the passage. The Saint Lawrence Seaway is a body of water that separates Canada and the United States. It connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes, which makes it important for trade and the transportation of goods. In addition, it provides opportunities for recreation, such as boating and scuba diving. Which text structure is used in this passage?

Read the passage. In 1812, war broke out in Europe and in North America. In addition to the usual ravages of conflict, this war saw two of the most precious US landmarks damaged. Two years into the conflict, in 1814, a British force invaded Washington DC, and burned the Capitol building and the White House in retaliation for US forces burning York in 1813. Which text structure is used in this passage?

Read the passage. Pizza may have its roots in Italy, but the United States has certainly left its mark on the food. Pizza from the US is some of the most popular in the world. New York and Chicago are both known for their great pizza. Pizza is similar in both cities in that they include tomato sauce and mozzarella cheese. However, their crusts are very different. New York pizza has a thin, hand-tossed crust, while Chicago’s pizza is a thick, deep-dish crust that is cooked in a pan. Which text structure is used in this passage?

Read the passage. Amending the Constitution of the United States is difficult, tedious, and time-consuming. Once an amendment is proposed, two-thirds of both the Senate and the House of Representatives must ratify, or approve, it. Next, three-fourths of the state legislatures must ratify it. Only then will the proposed amendment become law. Which text structure is used in this passage?

Read the passage. Along with zebras, horses and donkeys are members of the Equus genus. Donkeys, however, tend to be smaller than horses and zebras, although a donkey is stronger than a horse of the same size. They make great packing animals and can handle tougher terrain than horses. Donkeys also need less care. Their hooves do not need to be shoed, and they require a less-delicate diet, making them superior work animals in many instances. Which idea does the speaker emphasize by using compare/contrast in this passage?

Read the passage. The Saint Lawrence Seaway was built to allow oceangoing vessels to reach the Great Lakes. It was seen as a great boon for trade. However, it has proven to be extremely detrimental to the environment. After the seaway was built, a number of invasive species arrived on ships and began to plague the area. Residents along the river have also experienced dangerously high water levels because of the seaway. Which text structure is used in this passage?

Read the passage. The overpopulation of feral cats is a serious problem in many areas of Florida. A simple, humane way to reduce the overpopulation of feral cats is trap-neuter-release. Feral cats are gently trapped, spayed or neutered to prevent further breeding, and then released back into their colony. Over time, the population of the colony dwindles without the need for the cats to be unnecessarily euthanized. Which text structure is used in this passage?

Read the passage. Colic in horses is a serious condition. Horses that eat too much or eat food that has spoiled are at risk of being in distress. A veterinarian should be called if colic is suspected. To prevent colic, make sure your horse has plenty of fresh water to drink and monitor its food intake. Which text structure is used in this passage?

Which idea does the speaker emphasize by using a cause/effect structure in this passage?