Scientific Measurement Answers

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21
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Think about what you have learned about union activities in the 1800s. How did strikes hurt unions' goals? List at least two arguments in opposition to the use of strikes.

Answer:

Strikes often grew violent and turned public opinion against unions. Striking workers frequently lost their jobs when employers hired replacements. Strikes did not always succeed and could weaken the unions.

22
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Which of the following best states the reason why workers formed unions beginning in the late 1800s?

A
They believed they should have better working conditions and compensation.
B
They believed there were not enough jobs available for unskilled workers.
C
They believed that unionizing child workers would give young people a sense of purpose.
D
They believed that unions provided the only way to end strikes and lockouts.
23

Which arguments did you include in your answer? Check all of the boxes that apply.

A
Strikes often grew violent.
B
Striking workers often lost their jobs.
C
Strikes were often opposed by the public.
D
Striking workers could be injured or killed.
E
Strikes did not always work.
24

What did you include in your answer? Check all of the boxes that apply.

A
at least two paragraphs
B
a claim and a counterclaim
C
pros and cons of strikes
D
the Pullman Strike
25

Unions sought to improve workers’ pay and working conditions by

A
hiring security guards to keep costs low.
B
setting up an apprentice system.
C
negotiating with employers.
D
working together in company towns.
26

Which of the following measurements has the greatest precision?

A
100
B
100.0
C
100.00
D
1
27

What tactic did the Pinkertons use to bust unions?

A
union banning
B
spying
C
blacklisting
D
bribery
28

Which of the following best describes Samuel Gompers’s role in relation to the goals of organized labor?

A
He was the founder and first mayor of Pullman, Illinois.
B
He was a labor leader who created the first wildcat strike.
C
He was a US congressman who sponsored anti-striking legislation.
D
He was the first president of the largest labor organization in the world.
29

The metric system is now known as the international system of units.

A
T
B
F
30

Which of the following was a tactic that companies used to hurt unions?

A
hiring scabs
B
firing all workers
C
using arbitration
D
hiring the military
31

Which of the following can be inferred about the federal intervention that ended the 1894 Pullman strike?

A
The government did not consider the interruption of mail important.
B
The government considered official, not personal, mail important.
C
The government considered mail delivery to be of vital importance.
D
The government did not consider mail delivery by railroad to be important.
32

An example of using bribery to engage in union busting would be

A
a company hiring scabs to replace striking workers.
B
a manager paying an employee to spy on union members.
C
a company threatening to fire union members.
D
a manager threatening to harm any pro-union workers.
33

The number 0.00243 has how many significant digits?

A
3
B
4
C
5
D
6
34

Following the Pullman strike, efforts by employers to obtain anti-union court orders were generally

A
unsuccessful because the courts did not have the power to issue them.
B
unsuccessful because of widespread sympathy for union activities.
C
successful because anti-union court orders were seldom used.
D
successful because there were no legal protections for unions.
35

What is the purpose of the prefixes in the metric system?

A
They signify the multiples of ten for each unit.
B
They signify a completely separate unit.
C
They always make a unit smaller.
D
They always make a unit larger.
36

Which statement best describes the overall goal of early labor unions?

A
Early labor unions wanted longer working hours.
B
Early labor unions wanted educational assistance.
C
Early labor unions wanted pay similar to that of unskilled workers.
D
Early labor unions wanted pay similar to that of skilled workers.
37

Which of the following values is the largest?

A
50000 mm
B
0.5 km
C
50 m
D
5000 cm

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