AnswersKCPS Biology 2027The Chemistry of Life

The Chemistry of Life — Test Answers

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What would most likely happen to a person who is not getting enough essential amino acids in his or her diet?

A
Muscle growth and repair would be limited.
B
Stored protein would break down.
C
The body would synthesize the amino acids.
D
The formation of proteins would increase.
3

Which statement best describes the relationship between activation energy and rate of reaction?

A
Increasing the activation energy can increase the rate of a reaction.
B
Reducing the activation energy can decrease the rate of a reaction.
C
Reducing the activation energy can increase the rate of a reaction.
D
Increasing the reaction energy does not alter the rate of reaction.
4

Which characteristic best distinguishes runoff and infiltration?

A
Runoff occurs during floods and infiltration occurs during drought.
B
Runoff describes water movement and infiltration describes water storage.
C
Runoff involves condensation and infiltration involves evaporation.
D
Runoff occurs over land and infiltration occurs underground.
5

Responding to the environment is a characteristic of life best shown by which example?

A
a cat licks its paws
B
a human shivers on a cold day
C
a horse trots in a field
D
a dog swims in a pond
6

Which statement best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

A
Photosynthesis removes carbon from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration releases carbon back into the atmosphere.
B
Only plants perform photosynthesis, and only animals perform cellular respiration.
C
Photosynthesis releases carbon into the atmosphere, and cellular respiration removes carbon from the atmosphere.
D
Photosynthesis is part of the carbon cycle, and cellular respiration is not.
7

Which is released during the formation of a peptide bond?

A
an amino group
B
a five-carbon sugar
C
a water molecule
D
an amino acid
8

A scientist is examining the role of an element found in fats and carbohydrates of living things. This element makes up 65 percent of human body mass. Which statement describes the element he is studying?

A
He is studying oxygen, which can also be found in proteins.
B
He is studying nitrogen, which can also be found in proteins.
C
He is studying oxygen, which is the most abundant element in the atmosphere.
D
He is studying nitrogen, which is the most abundant element in the atmosphere.
9

In what form is carbon found in the atmosphere?

A
cap c sub 6 cap h sub 12 cap o sub 6
B
ATP
C
cap h sub 2 cap o
D
CO sub 2
10

What would most likely happen if a person increased the amount of saturated fat in his or her diet?

A
The person’s good cholesterol would increase.
B
The person's risk of cardiovascular disease would increase.
C
The person's bad cholesterol would decrease.
D
The person's risk of cardiovascular disease would decrease.
11

Which will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

A
decreasing the temperature
B
adding a catalyst
C
decreasing the pressure
D
removing a catalyst
13

Why do phospholipids form a bilayer in water?

A
The lipid portions attract water, and the phosphate portions repel water.
B
The hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts attract each other.
C
The phosphate portions repel each other.
D
The phosphate portions attract water, and the lipid portions repel water.
14

Which type of protein will fight disease?

A
genes
B
insulin
C
ligaments
D
antibodies
16

What is the general term for any carbohydrate monomer?

A
monosaccharide
B
glucose
C
fructose
D
polysaccharide
17

What is a difference between starch and glycogen?

A
Starch is composed of fructose, and glycogen is composed of glucose.
B
Starch is found in plants, and glycogen is found in animals.
C
Starch stores energy, and glycogen provides structural support.
D
Starch is a monomer, and glycogen is a polymer.
19

Which sequence of processes transports water from the atmosphere to the ocean and then back into a cloud?

A
precipitation right arrow condensation right arrow transpiration
B
evaporation right arrow precipitation right arrow condensation
C
evaporation right arrow condensation right arrow sublimation
D
precipitation right arrow evaporation right arrow condensation
20

Where is the greatest amount of the world’s carbon found?

A
seafloor sediments
B
plants and animals
C
ocean
D
atmosphere

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