The Enlightenment Answers

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What did the philosophers of the Enlightenment seek to understand?

A
the natural rights behind religion’s continued power
B
the natural rights governing human behavior and society
C
the natural rights that gave leaders absolute power
D
the natural rights that governed the physical universe
2
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The key idea of John Locke’s Enlightenment theory was to protect and enhance the freedoms and rights of

A
the government.
B
the philosophers.
C
the law.
D
the individual.
3

Enlightenment thinking on government included

A
establishing religious doctrine.
B
using violent protest.
C
taking a secular approach.
D
supporting divine right.
4

What must people provide in order to be governed under a social contract?

A
rational consent to the government
B
allegiance to the government
C
political support for the government
D
material support for the government
5

Which term is synonymous with “natural rights,” according to Enlightenment philosophers?

A
legal rights
B
divine rights
C
positive rights
D
universal rights
6

Read the quote by Thomas Hobbes.Law was brought into the world for nothing else but to limit the natural liberty of particular men in such manner as they might not hurt but assist one another and join together against a common enemy.

A
to protect rights
B
to remove rights
C
to reduce liberty
D
to expand liberty
7

John Locke believed that natural rights

A
should be given only to the majority.
B
should be limited for all people.
C
do not come from the government.
D
do not pertain to economic issues.
8

Locke argued that all humans are born with what natural rights?

A
life, liberty, property
B
life, cooperation, liberty
C
opportunity, property, support
D
opportunity, support, cooperation
9

Thomas Hobbes’s belief that every country should have the ultimate power over itself is known as

A
national sovereignty.
B
a social contract.
C
natural rights.
D
the separation of powers.
10

Read the quote from John Locke."…no one [or government] ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions…and may not, unless it be to do justice on an offender, take away, or impair the life, or what tends to the preservation of the life, liberty, health, limb, or goods of another…"According to the quote, Locke believed that government’s main purpose is to

A
protect and preserve rights of the people.
B
make laws that restrict people’s rights.
C
protect people from themselves.
D
make sure all groups are represented.

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