AnswersEnglish Language Arts 10The Language of Leaders

The Language of Leaders — Test Answers

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Which prewriting steps are part of research for an argumentative essay? Choose three correct answers.

A
citing your research sources using correct MLA format
B
investigating counterclaims that go against your claim
C
identifying evidence to include to support your reasons
D
selecting and forming a claim about a specific topic
E
eliminating logical fallacies, such as circular reasoning
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Read the paragraph from John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address. To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can do—for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view. But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom—and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. To those people in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period is required—not because the communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, but because it is right. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. Which statement best explains how Kennedy uses a rhetorical technique to support his message?

A
He uses parallelism to reach out to different countries around the world.
B
He uses repetition to emphasize change on the horizon for people who are struggling.
C
He uses a false dilemma to contrast the worldwide impact of democracy and communism.
D
He uses a logical appeal to explain why the United States will promote democracy worldwide.
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What is the difference between a Supreme Court opinion and a Supreme Court dissent?

A
An opinion is a Supreme Court decision suggested by one of the judges, while a dissent summarizes previous decisions on similar issues.
B
An opinion is a Supreme Court decision that the majority of the judges disagree with, while a dissent agrees with the decision.
C
An opinion is a Supreme Court decision that the majority of the judges agree with, while a dissent disagrees with the decision.
D
An opinion is a Supreme Court summary of the case, while a dissent is the final decision made on the case.
45

Where should the writer include a counterclaim in an argumentative essay?

A
as part of the evidence for the claim
B
as part of the conclusion for the argument
C
after the supporting evidence for the claim
D
immediately following the initial claim
46

An author’s main opinion in an argumentative text is the

A
appeal.
B
concession.
C
claim.
D
counterargument.
47

What is an effective claim in an argumentative essay?

A
a true statement that can be proven using facts and cannot be countered
B
a brief statement that summarizes the major reasons and evidence in an argument
C
a clear statement that can be argued in favor of or against using reasoning
D
a direct statement that gives an opinion and includes at least two types of evidence
48

What is the main reason a speaker might use exclusive language?

A
to highlight differences between opposing sides
B
to provide facts that will tap into the audience’s emotions
C
to appeal to an audience's sense of hope
D
to establish the speaker’s credibility
49

What is a counterclaim?

A
a detail that supports reasons for a claim
B
an opinion or belief that a claim is true
C
a refutation of a claim, with evidence
D
an invalid or flawed claim, with reasons

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