AnswersRYLE25 - PSYCHOLOGY - FULL CREDITEssay: The Nature vs. Nurture Debate

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Which of the following is a method of scaffolding?

A
explaining the correct way of doing something without errors
B
correcting the mistakes of a learner without explaining why
C
telling a learner that they have made a mistake
D
showing a learner how to correct common mistakes
25

Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.Brooke, who believes in continuous human development, is reading a paper on famous psychologist Erik Erikson. In Erikson’s psychosocial development theory, children aged 3 to 5 years old struggle with becoming responsible for beginning tasks. Since Brooke believes in continuous human development, which of the following statements would she agree with?

A
Children may begin their struggle with responsibility earlier than age 3 or later than age 5.
B
Children are likely to have biological development that allows for this stage to occur.
C
Children will resolve their issues with taking responsibility before they reach age 6.
D
Children will complete their struggle with responsibility before they move onto the next stage.
26

Kohlberg believed that human moral development is strongly based on the fact that we all have a desire for justice and a(n) __________.

A
impartiality for fairness
B
concern with conflicting responsibilities
C
tendency to engage in perspective taking
D
concern with competing rights
29

Which of the following occurs during the embryonic stage?

A
The zygote implants itself in the uterine wall.
B
The fetus reaches full term and is ready to be born.
C
The vital organs and bodily systems begin to form.
D
The fetus’ footprints and fingerprints begin to form.
30

The average ages at which an individual displays certain abilities are known as __________.

A
developmental norms
B
process of maturation
C
percentile
D
proximodistal trend
31

Which of the following statements does not represent assumptions that stage theories share?

A
Each stage builds on the knowledge of the previous stage.
B
Each stage corresponds to a specific age.
C
A child can pass through the stages in any order.
D
Each stage is qualitatively different than the next.
34

__________ are agents in the __________ that can reach the fetus through the mother and cause harm.

A
Spermicides . . . bloodstream
B
Abruptio placentae . . . placenta
C
Teratogens . . . environment
D
Proteins . . . bloodstream
35

Vygotsky believed that learning primarily occurred through __________.

A
schemas formed from one’s experiences
B
one’s experiences with the environment
C
one’s social interactions with others
D
use of symbolism through experience
39

The __________ stage of Kohlberg’s postconventional level focuses on making judgments based on what best protects individuals.

A
marketplace morality
B
social contract
C
law and order
D
good boy/good girl
40

__________ refers to the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce, whereas __________ is any inherited characteristic that increases one’s chance of survival.

A
Adaptation . . . fitness
B
Natural selection . . . fitness
C
Fitness . . . adaptation
D
Adaptation . . . natural selection

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