Topic Test Answers

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42
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In the 19th century, women were expected to conform to a certain role that entailed __________.

A
gaining domestic skills and establishing a career
B
going to college and getting married
C
getting married and having children
D
graduating from college and being a housewife
43
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The psychodynamic perspective originated with Sigmund Freud.

A
T
B
F
44

In the first half of the 20th century, the scientific community supported research on cognitive processes.

A
T
B
F
45

Psychometric psychology is a subfield that focuses primarily on the development of personality tests. Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
T
B
F
46

In which of the following does personality psychology specialize?

A
researching how people learn in educational settings and develop instructional tools
B
studying how one’s character and temperament develops and changes over time
C
focusing on resolving workplace issues to increase job satisfaction and productivity
D
developing and implementing several programs to deal with health issues in society
47

The psychologist who was the first woman to earn a doctoral degree in psychology in the US and is renowned for writing a comparative psychology book in which she described the cognitive processes in both humans and animals is __________.

A
Martha Bernal
B
Margaret Floy Washburn
C
Mamie Clark
D
Mary Whiton Calkins
48

Which philosopher believed that sense perceptions and observations are essential for knowledge?

A
Socrates
B
Plato
C
Hippocrates
D
Aristotle
49

Researchers helped further the biological perspective when they demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the brain could evoke emotional responses in animals. This is an example of how __________ can influence perspectives.

A
cultural diversity
B
personal ideology
C
opposition
D
new discoveries
50

John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner were the principal contributors to the behavioral perspective.

A
T
B
F
51

Life coaches use __________ to teach people life skills, relationship skills, and communication skills.

A
telephone interviewing
B
standardized tests
C
motivational interviewing
D
psychological tests
52

Plato suggested that the soul operates on three levels: __________.

A
observation, hope, and will
B
love, emotion, and senses
C
senses, humor, and thought
D
reason, will, and desire
53

Which of the following did the doll experiment not suggest?

A
African Americans attributed more positive characteristics to the white dolls.
B
African Americans had feelings of inferiority because of school segregation.
C
African Americans preferred to play with the white dolls when given a choice.
D
African Americans felt more secure and positive because of school segregation.
54

The majority of early psychologists were all of the following except __________.

A
European
B
male
C
lower class
D
white
55

Which of the following statements about psychological constructs is true?

A
Psychological constructs are easy to define and measure.
B
Psychological constructs represent concepts that cannot be observed or measured directly.
C
Psychological constructs cannot be researched in psychology because they are unobservable.
D
Psychological constructs represent measurable overt behavior.
57

The requirements for a master’s degree in psychology generally include __________.

A
four years of undergraduate work in a subfield, a dissertation, and clinical work
B
three years of undergraduate work, a thesis on a subfield, and counseling experience
C
five to seven years of graduate work and comprehensive exams over a specific subfield
D
two years of graduate study in a subfield, practicum experience, and a thesis

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