AnswersPA Human Anatomy Physiology A 2026-2027 SMITH ICCatalysts

Catalysts — Unit test Answers

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21
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Which equation represents fertilization?

A
haploid + diploid = diploid
B
diploid + haploid = haploid
C
haploid + haploid = diploid
D
diploid + diploid = diploid
22
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Which statement best summarizes the importance of meiosis to reproduction?

A
It produces diploid cells that are needed for sexual reproduction.
B
It produces diploid cells that are needed for asexual reproduction.
C
It produces gametes that are needed for sexual reproduction.
D
It produces gametes that are needed for asexual reproduction.
23

Why is the Calvin cycle considered a dark reaction?

A
It occurs only at night.
B
It requires an absence of light.
C
It turns the plant dark green.
D
It can proceed in the dark.
24

Which question can be answered by following the scientific method?

A
What was the highest temperature that was recorded yesterday?
B
What is the most interesting aspect of the light-dependent reactions?
C
How does a change in temperature affect the stomata of a plant?
D
How many stomata are there on this leaf?
25

Which of the following can combine in a cell to convert a lower-energy molecule into a higher-energy molecule?

A
ADP + P + energy
B
ATP + P + energy
C
ADP + P
D
ATP + P
26

Which statement best describes the process of chemiosmosis and the direct result of its occurrence?

A
Hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the stroma. ADP is converted to ATP.
B
Hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the stroma. ATP is converted to ADP.
C
Hydrogen ions flow from the stroma down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the thylakoid. ADP is converted to ATP.
D
Hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid against a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the stroma. ADP is converted to ATP.
27

What is carbon fixation, and how does it relate to photosynthesis?

A
It is the absorption of CO2 from the air, and it occurs during the light-dependent reactions.
B
It is the reduction of CO2, and it occurs during the Calvin cycle.
C
It is the conversion of CO2 into organic compounds, and it forms 3-PGA.
D
It is the production of CO2 during regeneration, and it forms RuBP.
28

Which of the following is an inference?

A
A burning candle is extinguished when it is covered with a jar.
B
The candle burns longer than expected in a jar that has a plant in it.
C
A plant lives longer than expected in a jar that has a burning candle.
D
There is more oxygen in the jar because there is a plant in it.
29

Which term identifies a light-absorbing pigment?

A
photosystem
B
ferredoxin
C
thylakoid
D
chlorophyll
30

Fewer offspring is a disadvantage of which form of reproduction?

A
mitosis
B
asexual reproduction
C
binary fission
D
sexual reproduction
31

Rapid reproduction is an advantage of which process?

A
gamete formation
B
sexual reproduction
C
asexual reproduction
D
chromosome duplication
32

How does adenosine triphosphate (ATP) become adenosine diphosphate (ADP)?

A
ATP stores energy as a phosphate bond is formed.
B
ATP releases energy as a phosphate bond is formed.
C
ATP releases energy as a phosphate bond is broken.
D
ATP stores energy as a phosphate bond is broken.
33

Which statement best distinguishes the light-dependent (L-D) reactions from the light-independent (L-IND) reactions?

A
The L-D reactions occur in the thylakoid membrane, and the L-IND reactions occur in the stroma.
B
The L-D reactions occur in the cytoplasm, and the L-IND reactions occur in the chloroplast.
C
The L-D reactions occur in the chloroplast, and the L-IND reactions occur in the mitochondria.
D
The L-D reactions occur in the stroma, and the L-IND reactions occur in the cytoplasm.

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