Spheres of Earth — Unit test Answers

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2
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Which statement describes abiotic factors in an environment?

A
Chickens run around a farm.
B
Soil retains water and nutrients.
C
Bacteria use energy to reproduce.
D
Plants compete for sunlight in an ecosystem.
3

Study the timeline.

Question illustration
A
5 million years
B
200 million years
C
1.5 billion years
D
4.5 billion years
4

Which phrase describes faults?

A
cause gaps in the geologic record
B
cause rocks to break and move
C
are older than surrounding rocks
D
are igneous rocks that form beneath Earth’s surface
5

Humans’ use of rocks and minerals as building materials is an example of which interaction?

A
an interaction within the geosphere
B
an interaction within the hydrosphere
C
an interaction between the biosphere and the geosphere
D
an interaction between the biosphere and the atmosphere
6

Which best explains how scientists confirmed that the moon formed around the same time as Earth?

A
Scientists determined the approximate age of fossils from the moon and Earth.
B
Scientists used radioactive dating to study the age of material from the moon and Earth.
C
Scientists explored the cycle of condensation and evaporation over time on the moon and Earth.
D
Scientists analyzed the content of gases that were part of the atmospheres on the moon and Earth.
7

Which statement describes potassium-argon dating?

A
Potassium-40 decays into argon gas over time.
B
Argon breaks down into other elements and compounds.
C
Potassium-40 becomes stable when trapped in rocks.
D
Argon is unstable and will decay into potassium-40 over time.
8

The diagram illustrates radioactive decay.

Question illustration
A
Structure 1 is an unstable atom that turns into structure 2, a new atom.
B
Structure 1 is a stable element that breaks down into structure 2, an unstable element.
C
Structure 1 is a radioactive element that loses particles to create structure 2, released energy.
D
Structure 1 is a radioactive atom that decays into structure 2, half of the original unstable element.
10

Which phrase describes one main feature of the atmosphere?

p
protects Earth’s surface
i
includes organisms in the air, on land, and in water
c
consists of rocks, minerals, landforms, and Earth’s interior
c
comprises oceans, lakes, rivers, streams, and groundwater
12

Which statement describes an interaction between the biosphere and the hydrosphere?

A
Plant roots take in water through their roots.
B
Plants take in carbon dioxide from the air.
C
Energy stored in plants is transferred to humans and animals that eat them.
D
Plants make food through photosynthesis and release oxygen into the atmosphere.

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