AnswersNBHS FL-2106010-MJ Civics ALocal and State Governments

Local and State Governments — Unit test Answers

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1
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How long is a presidential term?

A
two years
B
four years
C
six years
D
eight years
2
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In Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which amendment did the Supreme Court say state laws violated when they created separate schools for African American students?

A
First Amendment
B
Fourteenth Amendment
C
Twenty-Second Amendment
D
Twenty-Sixth Amendment
3

What does it mean that the US Congress is a bicameral legislature?

A
Congress is the branch of government that interprets the laws.
B
Congress is made up of three branches—executive, legislative, and judicial.
C
Congress is divided into two parts—the Senate and the House of Representatives.
D
Congress is made up of two elected officials from each state.
4

Who rules on a case in a court of appeals?

A
one judge
B
nine justices
C
a panel of three judges
D
a jury of nine citizens
5

This flow chart shows the first two steps in a criminal court case.

Question illustration
A
The jurors discuss the case.
B
The lawyers present the facts.
C
The judge states the sentence.
D
The defendant hears the verdict.
6

The leader of a large country on the other side of the world is making threatening comments about its neighbor, a smaller country that is a close friend of the United States. The leader is gathering military troops near the border of this country and tensions are very high in the region.Based on US foreign policy goals, which sentence presents the best first action of a US president who wishes to reduce tension in the area?

A
The president should threaten the leader of the larger country with military action.
B
The president should send US military troops to the smaller country to help protect it.
C
The president should remove ambassadors and other US citizens from both countries.
D
The president should ask US ambassadors in the area to talk to officials in both countries.
7

What are the main duties of the vice president?

A
to replace a president who leaves office and to fill in as needed
B
to advise the president on foreign policy and to negotiate with foreign countries
C
to develop military policies and to plan responses to national security
D
to advise the president and cabinet and to represent the United States in legal matters
8

Which goal of US foreign policy is most responsible for helping to create markets for US products and jobs for US workers?

A
ensuring strong national security
B
maintaining strong international trade
C
promoting peace throughout the world
D
encouraging democracy around the world
9

Read this summary of the Obergefell v. Hodges Supreme Court case.A group of same-sex couples from Ohio, Michigan, Kentucky, and Tennessee sued their states over laws that either banned same-sex marriage or refused to recognize same-sex marriages from other states where such marriages were legal. The couples argued that the state laws went against the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment. The couples won in trial court, but in 2014, the decisions were reversed in the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals, moving the matter to the Supreme Court. Grouping the cases as Obergefell v. Hodges, the Supreme Court ruled in a 5–4 decision that the couples were denied their Fourteenth Amendment rights. Although many states already allowed same-sex marriage, the June 26, 2015 decision overturned any remaining state laws that prohibited same-sex unions.

A
The Supreme Court overturned a court of appeals ruling on constitutional grounds.
B
The Supreme Court based its majority decision on issues of fairness rather than constitutionality.
C
The Supreme Court followed the lead of the states that had already legalized same-sex marriage.
D
The Supreme Court based its decision on public opinion, which was increasingly in favor of same-sex marriage.
10

What are the possible sentences in a criminal trial? Check all that apply.a finecommunity servicejail time in all statesjail time in some statesdeath in all statesdeath in some states

A
a fine
B
community service
C
jail time in all states
D
jail time in some states
E
death in all states
F
death in some states
11

Which statement describes how the federal and state court systems compare?

A
Only the state judicial branch has a court of appeals.
B
Only the federal judicial branch conducts trials.
C
Both federal and state judges are appointed to lifetime terms.
D
Both federal and state branches have a Supreme Court and lower courts.
12

Which scenario best describes the effects of the Americans with Disabilities Act?

A
A group of female students are allowed to join their school’s engineering club. Previously, only male students could join the club.
B
A young student is deaf. She has an interpreter in her classes and receives speech therapy as part of her educational plan.
C
A construction company is building a new hotel. The plans call for all doorways to be wide enough for a wheelchair to fit easily through them.
D
It is 1964. A restaurant in a southern state abandons its policy of not serving African Americans. Anyone can now sit at the lunch counter and be served.
13

The United States is a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).What is NATO’s main goal?

A
provide aid to countries that need financial assistance
B
promote peace and security through political and military means
C
work with other countries on issues important to the environment
D
provide guidance to the United Nations on international conflicts
14

What does the president have the power to do as the commander in chief?

A
declare war on another country
B
veto, or reject, a bill passed by Congress
C
decide how to interact with other countries
D
use troops to enforce US laws
15

Liam is unsure about a source he is using to research his policy idea about pollution. He looks for information about who funded the source. Which of these funding groups would suggest that the source might be biased?

A
the Environmental Protection Agency
B
the United States House of Representatives
C
the A-Plus Plastics Manufacturing Company
D
the Cambridge University Environmental Sciences Department

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