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Cell Differentiation and Specialization — Unit test Answers

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According to the endosymbiotic theory, which cellular process was involved in the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

A
symbiosis
B
phagocytosis
C
endosymbiosis
D
photosynthesis
2
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Which best describes embryonic stem cells?

A
They are capable of self-renewal only.
B
They are capable of differentiation only.
C
They are capable of self-renewal and limited differentiation.
D
They are capable of self-renewal and unlimited differentiation.
3

Rapid reproduction is an advantage of which process?

A
gamete formation
B
sexual reproduction
C
asexual reproduction
D
chromosome duplication
4

Which is a function of the cell membrane?

A
performs photosynthesis
B
controls what enters and leaves the cell
C
produces proteins
D
provides energy to the cell
5

Primary lateral sclerosis is a disease that affects the body's ability to react to stimuli and causes a person to have difficulty moving the legs, body trunk, arms, hands, and face.Which specialized cells are most affected by this disease?

A
epithelial cells, hepatocytes
B
neurons, epithelial cells
C
muscle cells, neurons
D
hepatocytes, muscle cells
6

Fewer offspring is a disadvantage of which form of reproduction?

A
mitosis
B
asexual reproduction
C
binary fission
D
sexual reproduction
7

Which two microscopes generate three-dimensional images?

A
scanning electron microscope and scanning tunneling microscope
B
transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope
C
scanning tunneling microscope and transmission electron microscope
D
compound light microscope and scanning electron microscope
8

Influenza (the flu) is caused by a virus that attacks the respiratory system. Which type of gene is most likely to be widely expressed in the body of someone who contracts the influenza virus?

A
the gene that controls the production of stem cells
B
the gene that controls the production of skin cells
C
the gene that controls the production of red blood cells
D
the gene that controls the production of white blood cells
9

The concentration of sodium on the inside of the cell is 20 mM. The outside of the cell has a sodium concentration of 115 mM. Which mechanism of ion uptake would best move sodium from the inside of the cell to the outside?

A
osmosis
B
diffusion
C
passive transport
D
active transport

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