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Analyzing Evidence — Unit test Answers

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Why have improvements in microscopes over time resulted in revisions in the cell theory?

A
They have revealed new information about cell structure and processes.
B
They have made microscopes easier to use.
C
They have allowed scientists to share pictures of the cells being studied.
D
They have made it possible to confirm what scientists already suspected.
22
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Take a look at the statement below:Fish meal is better than artificial fertilizers.How could this statement be revised to make it a hypothesis?

A
Fish meal is safer than artificial fertilizers, but it does not make plants grow.
B
Fish meal is a better fertilizer than artificial fertilizer because fish meal is natural.
C
Plants that are fertilized with fish meal will grow taller than plants that receive artificial fertilizer.
D
Plants that receive artificial fertilizer will be better than plants that receive fish meal.
23

The results of a dart game were precise but not accurate. The accepted value of the game was the center of the dartboard.

A
All of the darts hit the center of the board.
B
Some of the darts hit the center of the board.
C
The darts hit the same general area of the board.
D
The darts hit very different areas of the board.
24

Francis was recording plant heights for an experiment. Each time that she took a measurement, she wrote it down. Then, she measured the plant again and compared the new measurement to the one that she had recorded in her notebook. What was she most likely trying to do?

A
revise her hypothesis
B
check her memory
C
make the data more valid
D
form a conclusion
25

Poor measurement practices are likely to lead to data that are

A
calibrated.
B
inconsistent.
C
minimal.
D
scientific.
26

The table shows results of an experiment that was replicated.

Question illustration
A
They are neither precise nor reproducible.
B
They are precise but not reproducible.
C
They are accurate and reproducible.
D
They are accurate but not reproducible.
27

When an experiment is replicated, how should the results of the two experiments compare?

A
The results of the first experiment should be less accurate.
B
The results of the second experiment should be less accurate.
C
The results of the experiments should be similar.
D
The results of the experiments should be one hundred percent certain.
28

A commonly held idea about influenza is that it is a disease that occurs primarily in cold weather. Doctors report incidences of illness, such as influenza, to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). The graph below shows data for three flu seasons. Note that this graph shows data from October, week 40, of one year to July, week 28, of the following year.Which evidence supports this idea?

Question illustration
A
The graph line for 2008-09 has the highest peaks for flu.
B
All three graph lines show different patterns throughout the year.
C
The graph line for 2008-09 has a peak in week 44.
D
All three graph lines peak over the same few weeks of winter.
29

Measurements that are close to the correct value are

A
strategic.
B
precise.
C
accurate.
D
consistent.
30

All theories are hypotheses, but not all hypotheses are theories. Francis wants to know if a specific hypothesis he is researching is a theory. Which describes how Francis would know the hypothesis is a theory?

A
He could restate the hypothesis as a fact and no longer an explanation.
B
He could determine whether the hypothesis is based on repeated experiments.
C
He could perform the experiment and adjust data to match the desired results.
D
He could design and perform a new controlled experiment to test the hypothesis.
31

Density is mass per unit of volume. Which pair of lab instruments would a student use to measure the density of seawater?

A
a caliper and a flask
B
a stopwatch and a beaker
C
a balance and a beaker
D
a meter stick and a temperature probe
32

The graph shows a student’s data from an investigation about plant growth in five plants of the same type.WeekAvg. Plant Height (cm)Avg. Growth (cm)02NA1312633934145Which is the best way to display this data for analysis?

A
Place the data in a chart that includes individual measurements before averages were calculated so the information is more complete.
B
Transfer the data into a pie chart with five sections, one for each week, that are sized based on plant growth for that week.
C
Use the first column of data for the x axis the second column for the y axis and plot the data in a line graph to show the growth trend.
D
Use the first column of data for the y axis the second column for the x axis and plot the data in a line graph to show the growth trend.
33

A student conducted an experiment to test whether talking to plants would help them to grow faster. He set up the following two groups:Group 1: spoken to and hand watered Group 2: not spoken to and watered with sprinklers After three weeks, the plants in Group 1 showed much more growth than those in Group 2. Based on the results of this experiment, which is the best conclusion?

A
They are valid because the student ran a controlled experiment.
B
They are not valid because the student did not control all the variables that can affect plant growth.
C
They are valid because the dependent variable caused a change in the independent variable.
D
They are not valid because the time frame to grow a plant is too short.
34

A food web diagrams the interactions between organisms based on which organisms others are eating. A scientist is using a food web to predict the predator-prey relationship of a population. What can a food web best be classified as?

A
a mean
B
a graph
C
a model
D
a range
35

In late spring, a student began conducting an investigation about the flower preferences of bees. She counted the number of wildflowers in a small plot and created the following table.Plant SpeciesNumber of PlantsDandelion13Indian paintbrush8Queen Anne’s lace20Thistle29She planned to observe the flowers for the next five days for an hour at the same time each afternoon. Then she would plot the data in a multiple line graph to compare the number of bees that visited each flower. Which statement best describes the data in this investigation?

A
The data would be more accurate if she carried out all the observations in one day so weather conditions would be constant.
B
The data would be more valid if she made the observations daily for two months.
C
The data she collected is inaccurate because the investigation is not repeatable.
D
The data she collected cannot be plotted in a line graph because it is qualitative.
36

Jake and Aisha conducted an experiment together to test the effects of fertilizer runoff on the amount of dissolved oxygen in a lake. They each created a graph from the results. Graph 1: Jake’s Graph Graph 2: Aisha’s GraphJake concluded that the runoff had little effect on the dissolved oxygen levels, and Aisha concluded that the runoff had a major effect on dissolved oxygen levels. What is the most likely reason that Jake and Aisha formed different conclusions?

Question illustration
A
Each person used different references for comparison.
B
Jake recorded the wrong measurements on two days.
C
Aisha converted the units before creating her graph.
D
The students used different ranges for their y axes.
37

Which equipment is best to hold and to measure liquids?

A
flask and graduated cylinder
B
scale and ruler
C
caliper and thermometer
D
stopwatch and beaker
38

The results of a dart game were precise but not accurate. The accepted value of the game was the center of the dartboard.

A
All of the darts hit the center of the board.
B
Some of the darts hit the center of the board.
C
The darts hit the same general area of the board.
D
The darts hit very different areas of the board.
39

A biology class is studying the effect of temperature on the amount of growth of duckweed in an aquarium. What type of data will the class need to collect, and which tools will most likely be used?

A
They will gather qualitative data, using a thermometer and a hand lens.
B
They will gather qualitative data, using a meterstick and a flask.
C
They will gather quantitative data, using a thermometer and a balance.
D
They will gather quantitative data, using a beaker and a timer.
40

Which statement best explains why the development of a new area of science can lead to changes in a theory?

A
A new area of science attracts new scientists who study old theories for flaws.
B
A new area of science promotes experimentation from a different point of view.
C
A new area of science allows old theories to be reworded using new terminology.
D
A new area of science encourages scientists to replace old theories with modern ones.

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