Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which type of star system has the most stars?

A
open cluster
B
globular cluster
C
eclipsing binary
D
binary star system
3

What will a medium-mass star become at the very end of its life cycle?

A
a red giant
B
a black hole
C
a black dwarf
D
a neutron star
4

Which object(s) formed last in our solar system?

A
the Sun
B
the solar nebula
C
the inner planets
D
the planetesimals
5

Which two characteristics are used to classify stars on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?

A
size and density
B
density and composition
C
composition and temperature
D
temperature and absolute brightness
6

What can be observed only by observing its effects on gravity?

A
dark matter
B
a solar nebula
C
gas and dust
D
a planetesimal
7

According to the big bang theory, which statement is accurate about how the universe came to be?

A
It expanded slowly.
B
It gradually warmed.
C
Stars and galaxies formed.
D
Atoms such as hydrogen were destroyed.
8

What are the two main types of star clusters?

A
binary and wobbling
B
eclipsing and binary
C
globular and eclipsing
D
open and globular
9

What is a nebula?

A
the core of a massive star
B
a cloud of gas and dust in space
C
a swirling disk with a lot of gravity
D
the debris remaining after a supernova
10

Which statement accurately describes a light-year?

A
It is the shape of a galaxy.
B
It is the distance that light travels in a year.
C
It is a yearly measurement of light given off by stars.
D
It is the amount of time it takes light to travel one million kilometers.
13

Which statement accurately describes binary star systems?

A
They have more than two stars.
B
They have stars that are always visible.
C
They include large groups of stars.
D
They have stars that might appear to wobble.
14

Which describes redshifts? Check all that apply.

A
The light source and observer move closer together.
B
Observed light shifts to a longer wavelength.
C
They indicate receding galaxies.
D
Observed light shifts to a shorter wavelength.
E
The light source and observer move farther apart.
F
They indicate approaching galaxies.
15

What is the solar process that results in the production of energy?

A
nuclear fission
B
nuclear fusion
C
convection
D
radiation
16

Which event takes place first in the stages before the birth of a star?

A
Gravity pulls gas and dust together.
B
A protostar forms as mass increases.
C
Nuclear fusion begins under high pressure.
D
A protostar collapses and becomes denser.
17

In order to recreate the process of energy production that takes place in the Sun, scientists use

A
hydrogen gas and add heat and pressure.
B
helium gas and remove heat and pressure.
C
hydrogen gas, add heat, and remove pressure.
D
helium gas, remove heat, and add pressure.
18

What happens first when a star begins to run out of fuel?

A
The star’s core shrinks.
B
The star becomes a black hole.
C
The star becomes a white dwarf.
D
The star’s outer layer drifts away.
19

Which statement describes a characteristic of a spiral galaxy?

A
It is shaped like a pinwheel.
B
It has no new star formation.
C
It is made only of gases.
D
It is smaller than other types of galaxies.
20

Which phrase accurately describes an elliptical galaxy?

A
may be spiral-shaped
B
has no recognizable shape
C
has no new stars being formed
D
has a lot of gas and dust between stars

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