AnswersIN-Earth and Space Science AUnit Test

Universal Law of Gravitation Answers

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Which changes would result in a decrease in the gravitational force between two objects? Check all that apply.increasing the distance between the objectsdecreasing the distance between the objectsincreasing the mass of one of the objectsincreasing the mass of both objectsdecreasing the mass of one of the objectsdecreasing the mass of both objects

A
increasing the distance between the objects
B
decreasing the distance between the objects
C
increasing the mass of one of the objects
D
increasing the mass of both objects
E
decreasing the mass of one of the objects
F
decreasing the mass of both objects
2
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The acceleration due to gravity on Jupiter is 23.1 m/s2, which is about twice the acceleration due to gravity on Neptune.

A
An object weighs about one-fourth as much on Jupiter as on Neptune.
B
An object weighs about one-half as much on Jupiter as on Neptune.
C
An object weighs about two times as much on Jupiter as on Neptune.
D
An object weighs about four times as much on Jupiter as on Neptune.
3

Neptune has a mass that is about 17 times the mass of Earth. The distance between the Sun and Neptune is about 30.1 times the distance between the Sun and Earth.If the gravitational force between the Sun and Earth is 3.5 x 1028 N, which is closest to the force between Neptune and the Sun?

A
6 x N
Option A
B
6 x N
Option B
C
6 x N
Option C
D
6 x N
Option D
4

Which equation is used to calculate the weight of an object on a planet?

A
w = mg
B
w = mG
C
w =
Option C
D
w =
Option D
5

In the equation for the gravitational force between two objects, which quantity must be squared?

A
m1
B
m2
C
G
D
d
6

Shari uses the data in the table to predict how her weight on Venus would compare with her weight on Earth.Which is the best prediction Shari could make?

Question illustration
A
Her weight is greater on Venus because Venus has less mass.
B
Her weight is lower on Venus because the acceleration due to gravity is lower.
C
Her weight is lower on Earth because it is farther from the Sun.
D
Her weight is greater on Venus because Venus has a smaller diameter.
7

A probe orbiting Venus exerts a gravitational force of 2.58 × 103 N on Venus. Venus has a mass of 4.87 × 1024 kg. The mass of the probe is 655 kilograms. The gravitational constant is 6.67 × 10-11 N*m2/kg2.To three significant digits, the probe is × 106 m from the center of Venus.

Answer not available
8

The gravitational force between a satellite and Earth’s moon is 324 N. The mass of the moon is 7.3 × 1022 kg.

A
1.7 × 10–4 kg
B
2.2 × 10–3 kg
C
230 kg
D
450 kg
9

The mass of Mars is 6.42 × 1023 kg. Its moon Phobos is 9378 kilometers away from Mars and has a mass of 1.06 × 1016 kg.

A
5.16 × 1015 N
B
5.16 × 1021 N
C
4.84 × 1022 N
D
4.84 × 1025 N
10

Which are the effects of gravity on objects on the surface of Earth? Select 2 options.Objects “fall” toward the center of Earth.Objects are pulled by Earth but do not pull on Earth. Objects accelerate at a rate of 9.8 m/s each second.Objects travel at a rate of 9.8 m/s toward the center of Earth.Objects pull on the Earth is much stronger than the Earth’s pull on the object.

A
Objects “fall” toward the center of Earth.
B
Objects are pulled by Earth but do not pull on Earth.
C
Objects accelerate at a rate of 9.8 m/s each second.
D
Objects travel at a rate of 9.8 m/s toward the center of Earth.
E
Objects pull on the Earth is much stronger than the Earth’s pull on the object.

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