Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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Which is the most important factor in determining the state of a substance?

A
the size of the atoms in a substance
B
the number of molecules in a substance
C
the position of the electrons on the outer valence shells
D
the balance between intermolecular forces and kinetic energy
22
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Which direction does thermal energy flow in the following diagram?

Question illustration
A
Heat flows from the ice cream to the hand.
B
Heat flows from the hand to the ice cream.
C
The system is in a state of equilibrium.
D
The system is too cold for heat to move.
23

Which statement about enthalpy is true?

A
The enthalpy of formation for a pure element in its standard state is always positive.
B
The enthalpy of formation for a pure element in its standard state is always negative.
C
Enthalpy is a state function because its change depends only on initial and final conditions.
D
Enthalpy is not a state function because its change depends on the identities of the reactants and products.
24

Consider the following intermediate chemical equations. The overall chemical equation is . To calculate the final enthalpy of the overall chemical equation, which step must occur?

Question illustration
A
Reverse the first equation, and change the sign of the enthalpy. Then, add.
B
Reverse the second equation, and change the sign of the enthalpy. Then, add.
C
Multiply the first equation by three, and triple the enthalpy. Then, add.
D
Divide the third equation by two, and double the enthalpy. Then, add.
25

Which graph represents an exothermic reaction?

A
A graph has Reaction progression on the horizontal axis and energy on the vertical axis. A line starts about halfway up the vertical axis and travels a short distance parallel to the horizontal axis; this segment is A plus B. The line then curves up sharply, peaks, and falls sharply to run parallel to and near the horizontal axis; the final segment is C. A double-headed arrow extends from A plus B to C.
Option A
B
A graph has Reaction progression on the horizontal axis and energy on the vertical axis. A line segment labeled A plus B starts low and runs parallel to the horizontal axis. The line then curves up sharply, peaks, and falls a short distance to run parallel to the horizontal axis; the final segment is labeled C. A double-headed arrow extends from A plus B to C.
Option B
C
A graph has Reaction progression on the horizontal axis and energy on the vertical axis. A line segment labeled A plus B starts halfway up the vertical axis and runs parallel to the horizontal axis for a short distance. The line then peaks and returns to the same level as A plus B and continues parallel to the horizontal axis; this segment is labeled C.
Option C
D
A graph has Reaction progression on the horizontal axis and energy on the vertical axis. A line segment labeled A plus B starts low on the vertical axis and runs parallel to the horizontal axis for a short distance. The line then rises sharply and levels off; this level section is labeled C. A double-headed arrow extends from the level of A plus B to that of C.
Option D

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