AnswersCrowley Original Credit Chemistry BTypes of Radioactive Decay

Types of Radioactive Decay — Unit test Answers

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1
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What part of an atom is involved in a chemical reaction?

A
proton
B
neutron
C
nucleus
D
electron
2
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An article about half-lives describes a daughter isotope. What is a daughter isotope?

A
the isotope that forms from the radioactive decay of a less stable isotope
B
the isotope that forms from the radioactive decay of a more stable isotope
C
an isotope that undergoes radioactive decay to form a less stable isotope
D
an isotope that undergoes radioactive decay to form a more stable isotope
3

Which profession is likely to use a radiation shield?

A
dentist
B
astronomer
C
mathematician
D
geologist
4

Which radioisotope is used as a tracer in nuclear scanning?

A
carbon -14
B
uranium-238
C
technetium-99m
D
iodine-129
5

A mining company wants to build a modern processing plant that is safe for workers. The location of the plant is close to the mining operation, which has inadvertently exposed some sources of radionuclides. Which is the best reason for consulting with a nuclear chemist before building the processing plant?

A
to determine the level of radionuclides present
B
to explain the health concerns that are related to radiation
C
to destroy all the radionuclides in the area immediately
D
to conduct tests to see if workers are affected by radiation
6

A target is shielded from a radioactive sample by a sheet of metal. What kind of radiation can pass through the sheet of metal and hit the target?

A
gamma rays only
B
gamma rays and beta particles
C
beta particles only
D
beta particles and alpha particles
7

The symbol for a radioactive nuclide is . Which statement is correct?

Question illustration
A
The atomic number of the radioactive nuclide is 210.
B
The mass number of the radioactive nuclide is 294.
C
The number of neutrons present in the nucleus of each atom is 126.
D
The number of protons present in the nucleus of each atom is 210.
8

A radioactive nuclide has 53 protons and 78 neutrons. Which is the symbol of this nuclide?

A
Superscript 53 subscript 78 upper I.
Option A
B
Superscript 78 subscript 53 upper P t.
Option B
C
Superscript 131 subscript 78 upper P t.
Option C
D
Superscript 131 subscript 53 upper I.
Option D
9

Which environmental hazard is directly related to nuclear power production?

A
land stripping
B
global warming
C
radiation leakage
D
soil erosion
10

What is the sequence of energy transformations that occur in a nuclear reactor?

A
nuclear energy mechanical energy thermal energy electrical energy
Option A
B
nuclear energy thermal energy mechanical energy electrical energy
Option B
C
thermal energy nuclear energy mechanical energy electrical energy
Option C
D
electrical energy thermal energy mechanical energy nuclear energy
Option D
11

Which type of radiation is the main hazard during radiological procedures?

A
alpha
B
beta
C
gamma
D
positron
12

Which statement is true about the use of radiation to treat cancer?

A
Only weak X-rays can be used.
B
Only powerful X-rays can be used.
C
Only beta particles can be used.
D
Only alpha particles can be used.
13

Which energy transformation occurs in the core of a nuclear reactor?

A
nuclear energy mechanical energy
Option A
B
nuclear energy thermal energy
Option B
C
thermal energy nuclear energy
Option C
D
mechanical energy nuclear energy
Option D
14

Disposal of radioactive waste is a major concern in nuclear power production. Which method of disposal is least dangerous?

A
distributing nuclear waste in small quantities in many locations
B
releasing nuclear waste into the atmosphere where living things are not affected
C
encasing nuclear waste in containers that are then taken to remote locations
D
pouring nuclear waste into oceans and larger lakes
15

A sample contains 16.75 g of the radioisotope U-236 and 50.25 g of its daughter isotope, Th-232. How long did it take for decay to take place if one half-life of U-236 is 23 million years?

A
46 million years
B
69 million years
C
92 million years
D
115 million years
16

Uranium-232 has a half-life of 68.8 years. After 344.0 years, how much uranium-232 will remain from a 100.0-g sample?

A
1.56 g
B
3.13 g
C
5.00 g
D
20.0 g
17

Which represents a balanced nuclear equation?

A
Superscript 23 subscript 11 upper N a right arrow superscript 24 subscript 12 upper M g plus superscript 1 subscript 1 upper H.
Option A
B
Superscript 24 subscript 11 upper N a right arrow superscript 24 subscript 12 upper M g plus superscript 0 subscript negative1 e.
Option B
C
Superscript 24 subscript 11 upper A l right arrow superscript 24 subscript 12 upper M g plus superscript 0 subscript negative 1 e.
Option C
D
Superscript 23 subscript 12 upper M g right arrow superscript 24 subscript 12 upper M g plus superscript 1 subscript 0 e.
Option D
18

An isotope undergoes radioactive decay by emitting radiation that has no mass. What other characteristic does the radiation have?

A
some shielding required
B
positive or negative charge
C
low penetrating power
D
no charge
19

Examine the nuclear reaction: . Why is this classified as a nuclear reaction rather than a chemical reaction?

Question illustration
A
It is not balanced.
B
A new compound is formed.
C
A change has occurred in a nucleus.
D
A new element has been formed.
20

Consider the nuclear equation below.What is X?

Question illustration
A
Superscript 235 subscript 96 upper C m.
Option A
B
Superscript 243 subscript 92 upper U.
Option B
C
Superscript 235 subscript 92 upper U.
Option C
D
Superscript 243 subscript 96 upper C m.
Option D

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