AnswersGA-Essentials of HealthcareUnit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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1
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Which upper chamber of the heart contains oxygen-rich blood?

A
the right atrium
B
the left atrium
C
the right ventricle
D
the left ventricle
2
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Anemia is a blood disorder that can occur when hemoglobin is unable to carry oxygen to the tissues. One cause of anemia is a deficiency in

A
calcium.
B
iron.
C
potassium.
D
carbon.
3

How does having a dog improve cardiovascular health?

A
It improves heart pace.
B
It reduces exercise.
C
It improves diet.
D
It reduces stress.
4

The picture below accurately depicts a healthy heart. The left ventricle has a thicker myocardium than the right. What best explains why the muscle in the left ventricle is larger than the one on the right?Image by Patrick J. Lynch

Question illustration
A
The left ventricle pumps blood to the systemic circulation process, while the right ventricle pumps blood to pulmonary circulation.
B
The right ventricle pumps blood to the systemic circulation process, while the left ventricle pumps blood to pulmonary circulation.
C
The right ventricle directly pumps blood into the left ventricle, which then pumps the blood to the entire body.
D
The left ventricle is pumping oxygen-poor blood, so the muscle is not getting enough oxygen.
5

Dr. Jamani suspects that her patient is suffering from deep vein thrombosis. What can this condition lead to?

A
hypertension
B
coronary disease
C
cardiac dysrhythmias
D
pulmonary embolism
6

Pulmonary circulation is the key component that supports both respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Examine this diagram of a human heart as seen while looking at the front of the body. Which correctly identifies where the blood is flowing to and from?

Question illustration
A
A: lower body, B: left lung, C: right lung, D: upper body
B
A: upper body, B: right lung, C: left lung, D: lower body
C
A: right lung, B: upper body, C: lower body, D: left lung
D
A: left lung, B: lower body, C: upper body, D: right lung
7

What happens in the red blood cells in the lungs?

A
Hemoglobin drops off oxygen and picks up carbon dioxide.
B
Hemoglobin drops off carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen.
C
Hemoglobin picks up both carbon dioxide and oxygen.
D
Hemoglobin drops off both carbon dioxide and oxygen.
8

The “pacemaker” of the heart starts an electrical impulse in the right atrium to cause the atria to contract. What is the “pacemaker” of the heart?

A
the SA node
B
the AV node
C
the bundle of His
D
the Purkinje fibers
9

Consider the blood vessels pictured below. Which statement best explains this type of blood vessel and the function of these vessels’ valves?

Question illustration
A
These are arteries, which prevent the backflow of blood because the walls have little muscle to pump blood back to the heart.
B
These are veins, which prevent the backflow of blood because the walls have little muscle to pump blood back to the heart.
C
These are arteries, which prevent the backflow of blood because the walls have little muscle to pump blood into the capillaries.
D
These are veins, which prevent the backflow of blood because the walls have little muscle to pump blood into the capillaries.
10

Which is the proper order for blood traveling through the systemic circuit?

A
venae cavae arteries venules capillaries arterioles veins aorta
Option A
B
venae cavae arteries arterioles capillaries venules veins aorta
Option B
C
aorta arterioles arteries capillaries veins venules venae cavae
Option C
D
aorta arteries arterioles capillaries venules veins venae cavae
Option D
11

Usha is giving a presentation on the cardiovascular system. One of her slides shows a diagram of the blood moving from the heart to the arms and legs. Which type of circulation is the slide illustrating?

A
systemic circulation
B
pulmonary circulation
C
systolic circulation
D
diastolic circulation
12

The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Which is the best analogy to this system and its parts?

A
a car engine, a gas tank, and gasoline
B
a coffee maker, coffee filters, and coffee
C
a water pump, water pipes, and water
D
a can of paint, the pressure of a hand, and paint
13

The diagram below illustrates the gas exchange that occurs in the alveoli. Image by Helix84Where is the oxygen-rich blood flowing to?

Question illustration
A
the lungs
B
the upper body
C
the lower body
D
the heart
14

Which of these should be avoided in order to prevent heart diseases and disorders?

A
yoga and meditation
B
fruits and vegetables
C
drugs and alcohol
D
jogging and skating
15

Ms. Sullivanis suffers from a headache, irregular heartbeat, chest pain, and nausea. She is taken to the ER and told she has a blood pressure reading of 136/92. What does this indicate?

A
hypertension
B
coronary disease
C
cardiac dysrhythmias
D
pulmonary embolism
16

Magali’s doctor tells her the decongestant she has been taking for her cold has affected her blood pressure. What explains the relationship between this type of medicine and hypertension?

A
A decongestant causes blood vessels to narrow, increasing blood pressure.
B
A decongestant causes blood vessels to expand, decreasing blood pressure.
C
A decongestant causes blood to become thinner, decreasing blood pressure.
D
A decongestant causes blood to become thicker, increasing blood pressure.
17

A patient suffering from severe chest pain is admitted to the ER. After a series of tests, it is found that blood is flowing back into the left atrium as it is pumped into the left ventricle. Which valve is responsible for preventing this from happening?

A
the aortic valve
B
the mitral valve
C
the pulmonary valve
D
the tricuspid valve
18

Some blood vessels transport blood away from the heart, while others transport blood to the heart. Which blood vessel is labeled B, and what is its function?

Question illustration
A
the superior vena cava; transports oxygen-rich blood to the bottom half of the body
B
the pulmonary vein; carries oxygen-rich blood from the lung to the left atrium of the heart
C
the coronary artery; provides blood to the walls of the heart
D
the inferior vena cava; transports oxygen-rich blood to the top half of the body
19

Below is a picture of a structure of the heart. What is the best description of the function of this structure?

Question illustration
A
It pumps blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium.
B
It pumps blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium.
C
It prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium.
D
It prevents the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium.
20

Recall the three layers of muscles in the wall of the heart. Which lists these muscles in order from closest to the blood inside the chamber to farthest from the blood?

A
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
B
myocardium, endocardium, epicardium
C
endocardium, myocardium, epicardium
D
endocardium, epicardium, myocardium

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