AnswersSSCR 26 Biology BThe Immune System

The Immune System — Unit test Answers

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What does the immune system protect the body against?

A
changes of the internal body temperature
B
changes in the temperature of environment
C
changes caused by harmful pathogens
D
changes in the pH of the blood
2
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Which of the following describes the epididymis?

A
a tube that transports sperm to the urethra
B
a vesicle that produces fluid and gives sperm nourishment and motility
C
a gland that contributes fluid to semen
D
a tube that stores and develops sperm cells from the testes
3

Which is an immune response?

A
The iris of the eye narrows when the eyes are exposed to bright light.
B
Langerhans cells transport harmful substances to white blood cells.
C
Muscles under the skin contract rapidly to adjust the body's internal temperature.
D
T cells signal B cells to adjust the pH of the blood.
4

Veins take blood back to the heart. Which gas would be most abundant in a vein that takes blood from muscle cells in the arm back to the heart?

A
carbon dioxide
B
oxygen
C
nitrogen
D
hydrogen
5

PeristalsisSalivationDigestionSecretion

A
Peristalsis
B
Salivation
C
Digestion
D
Secretion
6

Heather presented to her class a report about the pancreas. Which statement in Heather’s report was not accurate?

A
The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.
B
The pancreas regulates blood sugar concentration.
C
The pancreas triggers the development of secondary sex characteristics.
D
The pancreas helps digest fat, protein, and carbohydrates.
7

Which blood component makes up 41% of the blood’s volume?

A
plasma
B
red blood cells
C
platelets
D
white blood cells
8

Which best describes the testes?

A
They produce hormones and sperm.
B
They are the male copulatory organ.
C
They give sperm nourishment and motility.
D
They are the pouch-like skin that protects the scrotum.
9

Which is the temporary storage tank for urine?

A
bladder
B
stomach
C
kidney
D
urethra
10

A team of scientists is working to formulate a drug that can treat children who are diagnosed with gigantism. Which effect should the drug have on patients?

A
starts the secretion of substances from the adrenal gland that decrease growth
B
increases the secretion of substances from the reproductive glands that stop growth
C
stops the secretion of substances from the thyroid gland that cause growth
D
decreases the secretion of substances from the pituitary gland that cause growth
11

Sound can be heard when air passes over a respiratory structure that is located between the pharynx and the trachea.Which structure is responsible for the voice?

A
the nose
B
the larynx
C
the lung
D
the alveoli
12

Which product of respiration is considered waste material and leaves the alveoli?

A
oxygen
B
water
C
carbon dioxide
D
carbon monoxide
13

Which of the following describes a negative feedback loop?

A
When the heart rate is too high, the body sends hormones that continually increase the heart rate higher.
B
When a pregnant woman is in labor, the body sends hormones that increase the intensity of contractions, which then increases the secretion of the same hormones.
C
When blood sugar is too low, the body sends hormones that raise blood sugar until it reaches a typical level and hormone secretion slows.
D
When a person is jogging, the body sends hormones that continually decrease the rate of oxygen supply to the legs.
14

High blood pressure occurs when there is too much blood flowing through the blood vessels at one time. By changing the amount of water in the blood, blood pressure can change. The excretory system can help to lower blood pressure.Which would most likely occur in the kidney?

A
More water would be transferred from the nephron.
B
Less water would be absorbed into the nephron.
C
The amount of water in the bladder would decrease.
D
The amount of water in the blood would increase.
15

What would cause antibodies to attack the cells of the body?

A
The cells support bacterial growth.
B
The cells are worn out and need to be replaced.
C
The antibodies mistakenly identify the cells as foreign material.
D
The red blood cells are malfunctioning.
16

Leukopenia is a condition characterized by a decrease in white blood cells. What effect does leukopenia have on the body's ability to fight infection?

A
Leukopenia increases the body's ability to fight infection.
B
Leukopenia decreases the body's ability to fight infection.
C
Leukopenia has no effect on the body's ability to fight infection.
D
Leukopenia increases the body's ability to fight infection at certain times and decreases it at other times.
17

The picture represents a protein in the stomach being broken down into individual amino acids.

Question illustration
A
villi
B
enzymes
C
saliva
D
fat
18

The graph shows the changing levels of hormones during menstruation and ovulation. In general, what happens to the hormone levels between days 21 and 27, just prior to menstruation if the egg was not fertilized?

Question illustration
A
Hormone levels generally decrease.
B
Hormone levels generally rise.
C
Hormone levels remain the same.
D
Hormone levels go in two different directions.
19

Which of the following statements best describes the role of hormones in the body?

A
Hormones send chemical signals throughout the body to regulate other body processes.
B
Hormones are chemical signals that are sent throughout the body to regulate other body processes.
C
Hormones send electrical signals throughout the body to regulate other body processes.
D
Hormones are electrical signals that are sent throughout the body to regulate other body processes.
20

Which causes a drop in female hormone levels?

A
the onset of the menstrual flow
B
the release of an egg from the ovary
C
the thickening of the uterine wall
D
the failure of an egg to be fertilized

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