AnswersRMA FL-2001310-EarthSpace Science Semester 1Unit Test

Unit Test — Unit test Answers

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A scientist discovers a new organism that is related to clownfish. What can the scientist discover by using molecular clocks?

A
the date that the organism first appeared in the fossil record
B
the age of the organism
C
the amount of time that the two species have been evolving apart
D
the number of years that fish have existed
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Which structures are similar in function, but do not indicate that the organisms are related?

A
analogous structures
B
homologous structures
C
vestigial structures
D
transitional structures
23

A scientist makes the argument that she has found DNA evidence that shows that evolution does not exist. What would her evidence have to show for her to be correct?

A
Strong genetic similarities in closely related organisms and weak genetic similarities in distantly related organisms.
B
Weak genetic similarities in closely related organisms and strong genetic similarities in distantly related organisms.
C
Strong physical similarities among closely related organisms and also among distantly related organisms.
D
Weak physical similarities among closely related organisms and also among distantly related organisms.
24

Which characteristic is shared by intrusions and faults?

A
All are cracks.
B
All are igneous rocks.
C
All cause gaps in the geologic record.
D
All are younger than surrounding rocks.
25

Which phrase describes organisms that formed index fossils?

A
are extinct
B
had soft parts
C
were generally large
D
lived in a narrow geographic area
26

Thylacosmilus is a marsupial, and Smilodon is a mammal. Thylacosmilus and Smilodon both have saber teeth, but they do not share an ancestor that had saber teeth. What are saber teeth for these organisms?

A
analogous structures
B
homologous structures
C
vestigial structures
D
mutated structures
27

Consider the generalized cladogram of fish.A fossilized fish is found that has jaws but no true bones. Where does this fossil belong on the cladogram?

Question illustration
A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
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Which best describes the fossil record?

A
The fossil record cannot provide evidence of evolution.
B
The fossil record provides evidence of a common ancestor to many species.
C
The fossil record provides evidence that disputes the theory of evolution.
D
The fossil record is inaccurate because scientists are not able to date fossils.
29

A geologist finds some tilted sedimentary rock layers.Which conclusion can the geologist draw by looking at the rock layers?

A
Their absolute age is 600 million years.
B
They were tilted before they were deposited.
C
They were originally deposited horizontally.
D
The youngest layer was originally deposited as the bottom layer.
30

What do scientists need to look at before developing an argument?

A
The validity of data, claims, hypotheses, and observations.
B
Their opinion and personal views.
C
The arguments of famous people on the topic.
D
The arguments that make the most sense for society.
31

The image shows sedimentary rock layers with index fossils and a fault.

Question illustration
A
Layer 8 is older than layer 1.
B
Layer 3 is younger than layer 6.
C
Layer 4 and layer 10 are the same relative age.
D
Layer 2 and layer 9 are the same relative age.
32

Which of the following are Phylogenetic trees also know as ?

A
Cladogram
B
Clade
C
Node
D
Linnaean
33

What does the geologic time scale confirm about the Cretaceous period?

A
It ended during the Cenozoic era.
B
It ended during the Mesozoic era.
C
It started before Precambrian time.
D
It started before the Cambrian period.
34

Which feature forms at Earth’s surface from the cooling of lava?

A
extrusion
B
fault
C
intrusion
D
unconformity
35

The table shows index fossils.

Question illustration
A
Life forms existed during the Cambrian period.
B
Similar fossil species formed after the Devonian period.
C
This fossil species first appeared during the Cenozoic era.
D
Different life forms were surviving during Precambrian time.
36

Which best explains how gravity contributes to the formation of layers in protoplanets?

A
Gravity attracts materials and causes compaction, which produces heat and leads to the melting, sinking, and rising of materials.
B
Gravity causes materials to undergo radioactive decay, which produces heat and leads to the melting, sinking, and rising of materials.
C
Gravity absorbs heat, which cools materials and causes them to sink and rise.
D
Gravity releases heat into space, which cools materials and causes them to sink and rise.
37

A volcanic eruption releasing rock, ash, and dust particles into the air is an example of which interaction?

A
the biosphere interacting with the geosphere
B
the geosphere interacting with the atmosphere
C
the geosphere interacting with the hydrosphere
D
the hydrosphere interacting with the atmosphere
38

A tropical rainforest includes trees, animals, insects, plants, rain, rivers, rocks, soil, and warm, moist air.Which spheres of Earth are represented in a tropical rainforest?

A
biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere
B
cryosphere, hydrosphere, ionosphere
C
geosphere, biosphere, cryosphere
D
ionosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere
39

Evolution is change in a population over time and includes the gene pools of that population. How does biogeographic isolation allow for the change of gene pools over time?

A
Biogeographic isolation affects the random changes that take place within gene pools.
B
Biogeographic isolation causes changes in gene pools that result from populations being separated.
C
Biogeographic isolation determines who will win competition for mates.
D
Biogeographic isolation determines the time that populations will breed.
40

Horses and zebras can be bred to produce a zorse, which is infertile. Which is most likely the reason zebras and horses are considered separate species?

A
They cannot breed.
B
Their offspring cannot breed.
C
They look different from each other.
D
They are found in different habitats.

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