AnswersLVA-Earth and Space Science 1cr.Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion — Unit test Answers

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The atomic symbol represents lead-206 (Pb-206), an isotope that has 82 protons and 124 neutrons. Which atomic symbol could represent an isotope that undergoes radioactive decay to produce Pb-206?

Question illustration
A
Superscript 238 subscript 92 upper U.
Option A
B
Superscript 222 Subscript 87 upper P b
Option B
C
Superscript 178 subscript 72 upper H f.
Option C
D
Superscript 192 subscript 77 upper P b.
Option D
2
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Which quantity can be calculated using the equation E = mc2?

A
the energy needed to split an atom into separate protons, neutrons, and electrons
B
the energy needed to split the nucleus into separate protons and neutrons
C
the energy needed to remove an electron from an atom
D
the energy needed to add an electron to an atom
3

A target is shielded from a radioactive sample by a sheet of metal. What kind of radiation can pass through the sheet of metal and hit the target?

A
gamma rays only
B
gamma rays and beta particles
C
beta particles only
D
beta particles and alpha particles
4

An isotope undergoes radioactive decay by emitting radiation that has no mass. What other characteristic does the radiation have?

A
some shielding required
B
positive or negative charge
C
low penetrating power
D
no charge
5

Consider the nuclear equation below.What is X?

Question illustration
A
Superscript 235 subscript 96 upper C m.
Option A
B
Superscript 243 subscript 92 upper U.
Option B
C
Superscript 235 subscript 92 upper U.
Option C
D
Superscript 243 subscript 96 upper C m.
Option D
6

A radioactive nuclide has 53 protons and 78 neutrons. Which is the symbol of this nuclide?

A
Superscript 53 subscript 78 upper I.
Option A
B
Superscript 78 subscript 53 upper P t.
Option B
C
Superscript 131 subscript 78 upper P t.
Option C
D
Superscript 131 subscript 53 upper I.
Option D
7

Which best describes a chain reaction associated with a nuclear reaction?

A
Neutrons released during a fusion reaction cause other nuclei to fuse.
B
Neutrons released during a fission reaction cause other nuclei to split.
C
Helium nuclei released during a fission reaction cause other nuclei to split.
D
Helium nuclei released during a fusion reaction cause other nuclei to fuse.
8

Consider the incomplete equation below If this equation was completed, which statement would it best support?

Question illustration
A
Nuclear fusion produces elements that are heavier than helium.
B
Nuclear fusion produces elements that are lighter than helium.
C
Nuclear fission produces elements that are heavier than helium.
D
Nuclear fission produces elements that are lighter than helium.
9

Which type of reaction does this diagram represent?

Question illustration
A
nuclear fission because an atom is splitting into two fragments
B
nuclear fusion because the products that are produced are radioactive
C
nuclear fission because a large amount of energy is being released
D
nuclear fusion because atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus
10

O-18, an isotope of oxygen, has a stable nucleus. O-19, another isotope of oxygen, does not have a stable nucleus. Based on this information, which statement is correct?

A
O-19 is radioactive; O-18 is not radioactive.
B
O-19 has a mass defect; O-18 does not have a mass defect.
C
O-19 has a nuclear binding energy; O-18 does not have a nuclear binding energy.
D
O-19 has more neutrons than protons; O-18 has equal numbers of neutrons and protons.
11

A fusion reaction takes place between carbon and another element. Neutrons are released, and a different element is formed. The different element is

A
lighter than helium.
B
heavier than helium.
C
used for energy on Earth.
D
radioactive.
12

The symbol for a radioactive nuclide is . Which statement is correct?

Question illustration
A
The atomic number of the radioactive nuclide is 210.
B
The mass number of the radioactive nuclide is 294.
C
The number of neutrons present in the nucleus of each atom is 126.
D
The number of protons present in the nucleus of each atom is 210.
13

Which represents a balanced nuclear equation?

A
Superscript 23 subscript 11 upper N a right arrow superscript 24 subscript 12 upper M g plus superscript 1 subscript 1 upper H.
Option A
B
Superscript 24 subscript 11 upper N a right arrow superscript 24 subscript 12 upper M g plus superscript 0 subscript negative1 e.
Option B
C
Superscript 24 subscript 11 upper A l right arrow superscript 24 subscript 12 upper M g plus superscript 0 subscript negative 1 e.
Option C
D
Superscript 23 subscript 12 upper M g right arrow superscript 24 subscript 12 upper M g plus superscript 1 subscript 0 e.
Option D
14

What type of isotope undergoes radioactive decay?

A
one that has a nucleus with the same number of protons and neutrons
B
one that has an unstable nucleus
C
one that has the same number of protons and electrons
D
one that has a stable nucleus
15

Examine the nuclear reaction: . Why is this classified as a nuclear reaction rather than a chemical reaction?

Question illustration
A
It is not balanced.
B
A new compound is formed.
C
A change has occurred in a nucleus.
D
A new element has been formed.
16

What part of an atom is involved in a chemical reaction?

A
proton
B
neutron
C
nucleus
D
electron
17

Both nuclear fusion and nuclear fission reactions

A
release radioactive waste.
B
involve the splitting of atoms.
C
are utilized in nuclear power plants.
D
release large amounts of energy.
18

Which statement is true about nuclear fusion?

A
It is caused by the same process that causes nuclear fission.
B
It does not occur naturally in the solar system.
C
It has very low activation energy.
D
It produces nearly all the elements that are heavier than helium.
19

Consider the nuclear equation below.Which correctly identifies the type of reaction?

Question illustration
A
alpha decay
B
beta plus decay
C
beta minus decay
D
gamma decay
20

Research into nuclear fusion will likely require a large investment of time and money before it might be used as an energy source. Which statement best describes the benefits that would make the investment worthwhile?

A
Fusion requires a large amount of energy and occurs in stars.
B
Fusion produces large amounts of energy, and the fuel is found on Earth.
C
Fusion produces no radioactive waste, and the fuel is plentiful.
D
Fusion requires little energy to begin and would continue through a chain reaction.

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