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Atomic Spectra — Unit test Answers

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What did the accident at the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl in 1986 demonstrate about the use of nuclear power that had not been previously demonstrated?

A
The byproducts of the process are radioactive.
B
The generation of electricity releases no carbon dioxide.
C
The uranium fuel that is used is radioactive.
D
Large areas can be contaminated with radiation.
2
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The diagram shows a model of a nuclear change.

Question illustration
A
nuclear fission, because nuclei combine
B
nuclear fission, because a nucleus breaks apart
C
nuclear fusion, because nuclei combine
D
nuclear fusion, because a nucleus breaks apart
3

Four students made a graphic organizer describing the parts of the atom.Which table best describes the parts of the atom?

A
A 3 column table with 3 rows. The first column is labeled particle with entries proton, electron, neutron. The second column is labeled charge with entries positive, 0, negative. The last column is labeled location with entries outside nucleus, outside nucleus, inside nucleus.
Option A
B
A 3 column table with 3 rows. The first column is labeled particle with entries proton, electron, neutron. The second column is labeled charge with entries negative, 0, negative. The last column is labeled location with entries inside nucleus, outside nucleus, inside nucleus.
Option B
C
A 3 column table with 3 rows. The first column is labeled particle with entries proton, electron, neutron. The second column is labeled charge with entries 0, negative, positive. The last column is labeled location with entries outside nucleus, inside nucleus, inside nucleus.
Option C
D
A 3 column table with 3 rows. The first column is labeled particle with entries proton, electron, neutron. The second column is labeled charge with entries positive, negative, 0. The last column is labeled location with entries inside nucleus, outside nucleus, inside nucleus.
Option D
4

A student has an unknown sample. How can spectroscopy be used to identify the sample?

A
It can identify the elements in the sample.
B
It can determine the number of electrons in the sample.
C
It can determine the ratio of the elements in the sample.
D
It can determine the molecular structure of atoms in the sample.
5

Which are associated with nuclear fission but are not associated with nuclear fusion? Select three options.

A
neutrons striking nuclei
B
two small nuclei joining together
C
the release of large amounts of energy
D
a single large nucleus breaking apart
E
two small nuclei forming
6

Bethany and Joquin are discussing theories about the universe. Bethany believes that since the beginning of the universe, galaxies have been moving, and will continue to move, toward Earth. Joquin argues that galaxies have been moving away from Earth.

A
nucleosynthesis
B
cosmic microwave background radiation
C
composition of stars
D
redshift
7

Which is not a form of ionizing radiation?

A
ultraviolet light
B
gamma rays
C
X-rays
D
infrared light
8

The process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two lighter atoms, releasing a large amount of energy, is nuclear ______

A
Fusion
B
Fission
C
Radiation
D
Energy
9

J.J. Thompson is credited with discovering the

A
proton.
B
electron.
C
neutron.
D
nucleus.
10

According to the big bang theory, which describes the universe before the actual big bang occurred?

A
multiple, cold, dense points, each larger than the Sun
B
multiple, hot, dense points, each smaller than an atom
C
single, cold, dense point larger than the Sun
D
single, hot, dense point smaller than an atom
11

The emission spectrum of iodine is shown below.Which is the absorption spectrum?

Question illustration
A
A line spectra with 4 purple lines, 6 blue lines, 3 light blue lines, 5 green-blue lines, 6 green lines, 7 yellow lines, 3 orange lines and 14 red lines.
Option A
B
A line spectra with 6 purple lines, 9 blue lines, 6 light blue lines, 3 green-blue lines, 6 green lines, 2 yellow lines, 5 orange lines and 10 red lines.
Option B
C
A line spectra with 2 black lines in purple, 6 black lines in blue, 3 black lines in light blue, 1 black line in green-blue, 10 black lines in green, 8 black lines in yellow, 6 black lines in orange and 8 black lines in red.
Option C
D
A line spectra with 4 black lines in purple, 8 black lines in blue, 6 black lines in light blue, 3 black line in green-blue, 10 black lines in green, 4 black lines in yellow, 4 black lines in orange and 12 black lines in red.
Option D
12

Kathy drew a timeline to show some of the major events that occurred during the evolution of the universe.Which best describes Kathy’s error?

Question illustration
A
Quarks and electrons formed at 10–35 s, not 10–10 s.
B
Protons formed first, then neutrons formed at 100 s.
C
Nebulae formed around 109 y after hydrogen and helium formed.
D
Hydrogen and helium were created at 3000 s, before nebulae formed.
13

Alana drew a diagram to compare the life cycles of low-mass and high-mass stars.

Question illustration
A
X: Nuclear fusion forms hydrogen in the main sequence star.Y: A white dwarf is part of the cycle.Z: A supernova is part of the cycle.
B
X: A white dwarf is part of the cycle.Y: Nuclear fusion forms hydrogen in the main sequence star.Z: A supernova is part of the cycle.
C
X: A protostar is part of the cycle.Y: It begins in a nebula.Z: nuclear fusion forms hydrogen in the main sequence star.
D
X: It begins in a nebula.Y: Nuclear fusion forms hydrogen in the main sequence star.Z: A protostar is part of the cycle.
14

After the supernova in a star’s life cycle, what else is formed in addition to a nebula?

A
red giant or protostar
B
neutron star or red giant
C
protostar or black hole
D
black hole or neutron star
15

An absorption spectrum of oxygen is shown below.What is most likely the emission spectrum of oxygen?

Question illustration
A
A rainbow for a line spectra. There are 4 lines in purple, 4 lines in blue, 3 lines in blue-green, 6 lines in the yellow, 4 lines in the orange and 15 lines in red.
Option A
B
A rainbow for a line spectra. There are 4 lines in purple, 4 lines in blue, 3 lines in blue-green, 7 lines in the green, 6 lines in the yellow, 5 lines in the orange and 10 lines in red.
Option B
C
A rainbow for a line spectra. There are 4 lines in purple, 4 lines in blue, 2 lines in blue-green, 4 lines in the green, 2 lines in the yellow, 3 lines in the orange and 4 lines in red.
Option C
D
A rainbow for a line spectra. There are 5 lines in purple, 6 lines in blue, 1 line in blue-green, 4 lines in the green, 3 lines in the yellow, 4 lines in the orange and 4 lines in red.
Option D
16

The table below shows the wavelengths of visible light that correspond to different colors.A student analyzes the emission spectrum of an unknown element and observes strong lines at the following wavelengths: 656 nm, 486 nm, 434 nm.Which absorption spectrum is the student most likely viewing?

Question illustration
A
A line spectrum with one black line in purple, blue, light blue and red.
Option A
B
A line spectrum with 3 black lines in purple, one black line in blue, 2 black lines in light blue, one black line in orange and one black line in orange-red.
Option B
C
A line spectrum with 3 black lines in purple, 2 black lines in blue, 2 black lines in light blue, one black line in green and one black line in yellow.
Option C
D
A line spectrum with 4 black lines in blue, 6 black lines in green, 3 black lines in yellow and one black line in orange.
Option D
17

Which of these forms as part of the life cycles of both low-mass and high-mass stars as a result of a star-forming nebula collapsing and spinning?

A
protostar
B
black hole
C
supernova
D
white dwarf
18

Victor drew a diagram to show the life cycle of a low-mass star.

Question illustration
A
red supergiant
B
black hole
C
white dwarf
D
supernova
19

Which statement correctly describes mass-energy equivalence?

A
All energy in the universe will be converted to an equivalent amount of mass.
B
Mass can decrease in nuclear changes without the production of energy.
C
All energy in the universe is a result of mass being converted into energy.
D
A large amount of mass is equivalent to a small amount of energy.
20

Which best describes cosmic microwave background radiation?

A
radiation thought to exist but not yet measured
B
radiation predicted to exist in millions of years
C
radiation that existed before the big bang
D
leftover radiation from the big bang

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