Answers Crowley Credit Recovery Physics ASecond Law of Thermodynamics

Second Law of Thermodynamics — Unit test Answers

1 verified answers2 views

Free Preview

Heat engine X has an efficiency of 67%. Heat engine Y has an efficiency of 82%.

Heat engine X moves more thermal energy from cold to warm areas than heat engine Y.

Heat engine X releases more energy to the surroundings than heat engine Y.

Heat engine Y releases more energy to the surroundings than heat engine Y.

Heat engine Y moves more thermal energy from cold to warm areas than heat engine X.

Free Preview

Val warms up some soup on the stove. Assuming no phase change has occurred, what effect does warming have on the soup?

Its particles have less kinetic energy.

Its particles have more kinetic energy.

Its specific heat increases.

Its specific heat decreases.

The diagram shows a heat engine.

What are the units for measuring specific heat?

degrees Celsius per gram

joules per degrees Celsius

joules per gram degree Celsius

degrees Celsius per joule gram

The diagram is being used to illustrate the second law of thermodynamics, where Qh represents a hot object and Qc represents a cold object.

adding in the boxes an arrow that points from Qh to Qc

adding in the boxes an arrow that points from Qc to Qh

adding in the boxes an arrow that points in both directions between Qh and Qc

adding in each box an arrow that points upward from Qh and from Qc

A system uses 49 J of energy to do work, and the change in internal energy is 58 J. How much heat was added to the system?

9 J

97 J

107 J

117 J

[BLANK]

transferred

changed

created

measured

Which two conditions must exist in order for radiation to occur?

the presence of a solid, liquid, or gas and a temperature difference

direct contact of molecules and the presence of a solid, liquid, or gas

the presence of electromagnetic waves and direct contact of molecules

a temperature difference and the presence of electromagnetic waves

[BLANK]

fluids

waves

electricity

charges

A heat engine uses thermal energy flowing from a heat source that is 225 K to a cold sink that is 50 K.

22%

45%

78%

123%

Ethan made a diagram to compare examples of the first and second laws of thermodynamics.

X: The internal energy of a piston system increases as heat is added and rises to a cool areaY: As thermal energy is added to a container, some of the energy is lost to the environment

X: As thermal energy is added to a container, some of the energy is lost to the environmentY: The internal energy of a piston system increases as heat is added and rises to a cool area

X: A cold spoon placed in hot liquid gets warmer Y: Thermal energy is converted to light energy

X: Thermal energy is converted to light energy Y: A cold spoon placed in hot liquid gets warmer

Copper has a specific heat of 0.386 J/g°C. How much heat is required to increase 5.00 g of copper from 0.0°C to 10.0°C?

3.86 J

5.00 J

10.0 J

19.3 J

Jared made a study chart about heat, temperature, kinetic energy, and thermal energy.

Add “potential energy” to the description of temperature.

Switch the term “heat” with the term “thermal energy.”

Change kinetic energy description from “energy of motion” to “stored energy.”

Replace the term “temperature” with “internal energy.”

During an adiabatic process in a closed system, what happens to a gas when the gas expands?

Its temperature increases.

Its temperature decreases.

Its molecules gain mass.

Its molecules lose mass.

Suppose the spark plug on a heat engine is not functioning properly. Which statement best explains how this will affect the engine?

The temperature of the gas will not increase during the compression stage.

Burned gases will not be released into the surrounding air.

The fuel-air mixture will not be able to enter the cylinder.

Combustion and subsequent gas expansion will not occur.

The diagrams show the four primary steps in the production of work in a four-stroke heat engine.What is the correct order in which these steps occur?

Y, W, X, Z

X, Z, W, Y

W, X, Y, Z

Z, X, Y, W

Sienna made a chart listing the steps that describe how a four-stroke heat engine operates.Which best describes Sienna’s error?

The descriptions for intake and ignition should be switched with one another.

During compression, temperature does not increase, it decreases.

Compression happens before ignition, so it should be step 2.

The piston moves down, not up, during the exhaust step.

Thermodynamics is the study of the relationship between thermal energy and

mass.

other forms of energy.

types of engines.

temperature.

Water has a specific heat of 4.186 J/g°C, and ethanol has a specific heat of 2.450 J/g°C. Based on this information, which best compares water and ethanol?

It requires more heat to raise the temperature of a gram of ethanol by 1°C.

There are more molecules in a gram of water.

Ethanol has a lower formula mass.

Water has more protons and neutrons in its nuclei.

The diagram is a real-world example of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. It shows how thermal energy is used to generate electricity.Which best describes how the diagram illustrates both laws of thermodynamics?

First law: High-temperature steam flows to an area of lower temperature in the turbines.Second law: Thermal energy is used to do work on the turbines.

First law: Thermal energy is used to do work on the turbines.Second law: High-temperature steam flows to an area of lower temperatures in the turbines.

First law: Some thermal energy is lost to the surrounding environment as it travels through the system.Second law: Kinetic energy is used to turn an electrical generator.

First law: Kinetic energy is used to turn an electrical generator. Second law: Some thermal energy is lost to the surrounding environment as it travels through the system.

Did you find these answers helpful?

Second Law of Thermodynamics — Unit test Answers

More from this Course

TRY EDGENUITY HACKS