AnswersPBCSD_Grade_Forgiveness_2001310_Earth Space Science_S1_2019Unit 5: Test

Unit 5: Test — Unit test Answers

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1
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How does La Niña affect the climate of the Pacific Ocean?

A
The ocean becomes cooler.
B
The warm water moves toward the east.
C
The cold water sinks deeper into the ocean.
D
The strength of the prevailing winds decreases.
2
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What happens when volcanoes release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere?

A
The climate gets warmer.
B
The climate gets cooler.
C
Winter becomes longer.
D
Summer becomes longer.
3

Which substance may lower air temperatures after a volcanic eruption?

A
lava
B
sulfur dioxide
C
carbon dioxide
D
water vapor
4

Which correctly lists three greenhouse gases?

A
oxygen, carbon dioxide, helium
B
carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane
C
helium, methane, oxygen
D
methane, oxygen, carbon dioxide
5

Which statement describes the impact of ocean currents on climate?

A
Ocean currents create changes in the temperature of air over land masses.
B
Ocean currents cause the temperature of air over large bodies of water to change.
C
Ocean currents move cold water from the equator to the poles, creating cool weather regions.
D
Ocean currents carry warm water from the poles to the equator to create warm weather regions.
6

Which climate has subclimates with humid summers as well as subclimates with long, bitterly cold winters?

A
polar
B
tropical rainy
C
temperate marine
D
temperate continental
7

Which correctly lists the three factors that are used to classify the six major climate regions?

A
vegetation, geographical locations, temperature
B
temperature, land formations, precipitation
C
precipitation, temperature, vegetation
D
land formations, vegetation, geographical locations
8

During the entire month of June, temperatures increase in the Northern Hemisphere and decrease in the Southern Hemisphere.What causes these temperature changes?

A
The Sun reaches its lowest point in the sky.
B
The Sun reaches its highest point in the sky.
C
The north end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the Sun.
D
The south end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the Sun.
9

Which substance is a greenhouse gas that is emitted by human activities, is the most widespread, and remains in the air the longest?

A
water vapor
B
methane
C
fluorinated gas
D
carbon dioxide
10

What occurs when the Northern Hemisphere experiences spring and the Southern Hemisphere experiences fall?

A
The Sun is directly overhead in the Northern Hemisphere.
B
The Southern Hemisphere receives more direct rays from the Sun.
C
The Northern and Southern Hemispheres get the same amount of energy from the Sun.
D
The Northern Hemisphere receives more daylight hours than the Southern Hemisphere.
11

Why does a coastal area have less variation in temperature than a noncoastal area?

A
Temperatures feel cool all year round due to the duration of daylight.
B
Temperatures change from warm to cool depending on the season.
C
The temperatures on land change more rapidly than temperatures on water.
D
The air is warm because warm water moves from the equator to the poles.
12

Which factors are causes of short-term climate change?

A
changes in wind and ocean currents
B
an increase of thunderstorms and rain
C
changes in daily wind shifts and snowfall
D
an increase of hurricanes and volcanic eruptions
13

What statement is accurate based on the study of tree rings?

A
Trees near the arctic will have thicker rings than those near the equator.
B
Trees with a pattern of thin rings indicate a wet, warm climate.
C
Size and density of tree rings can give information on past climates.
D
The number of rings indicate how much fruit the tree can bear.
14

Which feature do highland climates have that lower elevation areas do not?

A
a tundra where there are no trees
B
a treeline beyond which trees do not grow
C
permafrost, or a part of the ground that is permanently frozen
D
an ice cap, or a permanent cover of ice and snow
15

How do scientists use ice to study ancient climates?

A
through glacial deposits and ice cores
B
through glacial deposits and ice ages
C
through ice cores and Earth’s ellipse
D
through Earth’s ellipse and ice ages
16

According to some scientists, which is a cause of global warming?

A
decrease of nitrous oxide
B
increase in cloud cover
C
decrease of methane gas
D
increase in carbon dioxide
17

Which definition best describes global warming?

A
a long-term change in the Earth's climate
B
a long-term increase in the Earth's average temperature
C
a long-term change in the climate of a region or a city
D
solar heat that is radiated out into space
18

Which statement best describes the greenhouse effect?

A
It is a process by which plants are able to grow well in a warm, enclosed structure.
B
It is a process by which greenhouse gases block the sun’s light to penetrate the atmosphere.
C
It is a process by which greenhouse gases allow the sun’s light to penetrate the atmosphere but stop the heat from escaping.
D
It is a process by which prevailing winds bring moisture to the land, to the prevailing wind direction.
19

What climate conditions occur during La Niña?

A
stronger prevailing winds and more hurricane activity
B
warmer Pacific waters and warmer winters
C
more hurricane activity and warmer Pacific waters
D
warmer winters and stronger prevailing winds
20

Which climate includes the coldest regions of the world?

A
dry
B
polar
C
tropical marine
D
temperate continental

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