AnswersPBCSD_Grade_Forgiveness_2001310_Earth Space Science_S1_2019Unit 5: Test

Unit 5: Test — Unit test Answers

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Which statement describes solstices?

A
They occur when the Sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky.
B
They affect the amount of sunlight in the Southern Hemisphere in May.
C
They contribute to the cycling of winters all year long in the Northern Hemisphere.
D
They increase the amount of rays from the Sun directly received in the Southern Hemisphere.
22
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Which climate is a subcategory of polar climates?

A
ice cap
B
subarctic
C
highlands
D
humid continental
23

Which is one climate that is characterized as having many trees?

A
dry
B
polar
C
highlands
D
tropical rainy
24

What are global wind patterns called?

A
La Niña
B
local winds
C
prevailing winds
D
El Niño
25

What is one cause of long-lasting climate change?

A
glacial deposits
B
Earth’s elliptical orbit
C
Earth’s rotation
D
the Sun’s elliptical orbit
26

What do glaciers deposit that helps scientists study ancient climates?

A
plants that produce pollen grains
B
rocks formed from lava
C
sediment that contains fossils
D
animals that migrate
27

What moves toward the east during El Niño?

A
warm water
B
cold water
C
slow currents
D
fast currents
28

Which characteristic do arid and polar regions share?

A
tall trees
B
few plants
C
a lot of precipitation
D
cool summers and cold winters
29

What effects do wind patterns have on climate?

A
They move warm water toward the east.
B
They change the amount of precipitation in a region.
C
They carry warm or cooled water very long distances.
D
They cool Pacific waters and increase hurricane activity in the western Atlantic.
30

Which is one characteristic that temperate marine and temperate continental climates have in common?

A
mild winters
B
hot summers
C
many tall trees
D
moderate amounts of precipitation
31

What most likely caused the ice ages?

A
the size of tree rings and the amount of pollen grains
B
solar flares and gassy ejections from the Sun
C
the tilt of the Earth’s axis and the shape of its orbit
D
the temperatures of the Sun and moon
32

During which two months do both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres receive the same amount of energy from the Sun?

A
December and June
B
January and July
C
March and September
D
May and November
33

Which statement describes the influence of latitude on temperature?

A
Latitude determines the duration of daylight.
B
Latitude prevents extreme heat and cold in coastal regions.
C
Latitude causes areas to experience cooler air at high elevations.
D
Latitude influences the movement of warm and cool air over land.
34

What happens during the fall in September?

A
The Sun is at its highest point in the sky.
B
The northern end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the Sun.
C
The Northern Hemisphere receives minimal daylight hours.
D
The Sun’s rays are not as concentrated as in summer.
35

Which greenhouse gas has an average lifetime in the atmosphere of a few weeks to thousands of years and is the largest contributor to climate change?

A
carbon dioxide
B
methane
C
nitrous oxide
D
fluorinated gas
36

What causes the cycle of seasons on Earth?

A
the tilt of Earth’s axis
B
the shape of Earth’s orbit
C
the direction of Earth’s orbit
D
the distance between Earth and the Sun
37

What should scientists consider when studying tree rings to understand the variations in the local climate?

A
patterns in their width, their density, and their composition
B
odor from the wood, patterns in their width, and their density
C
their composition, odor from the wood, and patterns in their width
D
their density, composition, and location
38

Which describes how prevailing winds affect precipitation in a region?

A
Prevailing winds force cool, moist air from oceans to rise.
B
Prevailing winds blow in the opposite direction as normal winds.
C
Prevailing winds cause huge air masses, both warm and cool, to move.
D
Prevailing winds that move over land usually cause the most precipitation.
39

Which two climates feature a few, specialized plants that are suited to their harsh conditions?

A
dry and highlands
B
polar and dry
C
highlands and temperate marine
D
temperate marine and temperate continental
40

What do scientists study to reconstruct past climate conditions?

A
tree branches, pollen grains, and rain water
B
pollen grains, tree rings, and fossils
C
rain water, tree rings, and fossils
D
fossils, pollen grains, and tree branches

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