Answers 350CR Integrated ScienceEnergy Transformations

Energy Transformations — Unit test Answers

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tangential speed

centripetal speed

tangential acceleration

centripetal acceleration

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A centripetal force causes circular motion because it accelerates an object

toward the center of a circle, which changes the direction of motion but not the speed.

toward the center of a circle, which changes the speed of motion but not the direction.

along the edge of a circle, which changes the direction of motion but not the speed.

along the edge of a circle, which changes the speed of motion but not the direction.

The gravitational force between two objects is 2000 N. The mass of each object is reduced to one-third of its original mass.

The distance must be one-ninth the original distance.

The distance must be one-third the original distance.

The distance must be three times greater.

The distance must be nine times greater.

Once an object enters orbit, what keeps the object moving sideways?

inertia

gravity

centripetal force

air resistance

The tip of a fan blade is 0.61 m from the center of the fan. The fan turns at a constant speed and completes 2 rotations every 1.0 s.

6.0 m/s2

48 m/s2

53 m/s2

96 m/s2

How does an object’s motion change as a result of centripetal acceleration?

The speed decreases in the same direction.

The speed increases in the same direction.

The direction changes along with the speed.

The direction changes but not the speed.

Which are the effects of gravity on objects on the surface of Earth? Select 2 options.

Objects “fall” toward the center of Earth.

Objects are pulled by Earth but do not pull on Earth.

Objects accelerate at a rate of 9.8 m/s each second.

Objects travel at a rate of 9.8 m/s toward the center of Earth.

Objects pull on the Earth is much stronger than the Earth’s pull on the object.

A child on a spinning playground ride is 0.36 m from the center of the ride. The centripetal force on the child is 19 N.

3.7 kg

13 kg

23 kg

79 kg

The chart shows the speeds at which four objects are launched into the air.

W and Y

X and Y

Y and Z

W and Z

Which formula can be used to find the tangential speed of an orbiting object?

v =

v =

v = G

v = r

Enrique is given information about a satellite orbiting Earth.r = 3.8 × 108 mT = 18 days

convert the radius to kilometers

convert the orbital period to seconds

find the square root of the radius

find the square root of the orbital period

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2.86

3.24

4.16

5.44

Which changes would result in a decrease in the gravitational force between two objects? Check all that apply.

increasing the distance between the objects

decreasing the distance between the objects

increasing the mass of one of the objects

increasing the mass of both objects

decreasing the mass of one of the objects

decreasing the mass of both objects

The track of a roller coaster is shown below.

Scientists are making plans to put a probe in orbit around Earth. They want the probe to enter the orbit shown below.

The gravitational force between a satellite and Earth’s moon is 324 N. The mass of the moon is 7.3 × 1022 kg.

1.7 × 10–4 kg

2.2 × 10–3 kg

230 kg

450 kg

The tip of a pinwheel is 0.24 m from the center. The pinwheel spins 5 times each second. What is the tangential speed of the tip of the pinwheel?

0.30 m/s

1.2 m/s

1.5 m/s

7.5 m/s

How high above Earth is a satellite orbiting if its tangential velocity is 5000 m/s? Earth’s mass is kg and its radius is m.

1,500,000 m

2,240,000 m

9,608,000 m

16,008,000 m

Brendan drew a diagram to illustrate the centripetal force acting on a satellite.

Draw the Fg = Fc vector so it points at a 45° angle from the v vector.

Change the Fg = Fc vector label so it reads Fa = Fc.

Draw the Fg = Fc vector so it is longer than the v vector.

Change the Fg = Fc vector so it is perpendicular to the v vector.

A wrecking ball has a mass of 650 kg. It swings from a cable that is 21 m long. The centripetal force on the ball is 56 N.

1.3 m/s

1.8 m/s

46 m/s

870 m/s

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Energy Transformations — Unit test Answers

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