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Which of these indicates that a liquid has transferred thermal energy to the air?

The liquid increases in temperature, and its particles lose kinetic energy.

The liquid decreases in temperature, and its particles gain kinetic energy.

The liquid increases in temperature, and its particles gain kinetic energy.

The liquid decreases in temperature, and its particles lose kinetic energy.

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Evan drew a diagram to illustrate radiation.

gases mixing with particles

liquid moving through a vacuum

moving particles

electromagnetic waves

Which accurately completes the statement?Conduction involves the transfer of electric charge or ___________ due to the movement of particles.

thermal energy

light waves

protons

neutrons

A thermogram taken outside a house shows high amounts of thermal energy around the windows but not around the roof.Which conclusion supports the thermogram?

The windows and the roof are energy efficient.

The windows and the roof are not energy efficient.

The windows are not energy efficient, but the roof is energy efficient.

The windows are energy efficient, but the roof is not energy efficient.

A scientist designed a foam container to help keep frozen foods from melting. Which best explains how the foam works?

It removes thermal energy from the air inside the container.

It removes thermal energy from the frozen foods inside the container.

It reduces the amount of thermal energy that is transferred from inside to outside the container.

It reduces the amount of thermal energy that is transferred from outside to inside the container.

Which of these results in kinetic energy of an object?

position

motion

mass

volume

The diagram shows currents that form as water is heated.

the air above a wildfire

a carton of milk in a refrigerator

a snowdrift on a shady mountainside

a boulder in a hot desert

Which best describes convection?

It relies on the collision of particles within or between substances.

It occurs in solids, liquids, or gases that are heated.

It results when portions of a liquid cool and rise.

It is driven by temperature differences within a fluid.

Which material most likely gets the warmest when placed in the Sun?

white cement

beige sand

brown mulch

yellow pebbles

Which describes how radiation moves?

Radiation moves from a cooler object to a warmer object

Radiation moves from a warmer object to a cooler object

Radiation moves from a warm object to an object of the same temperature

Radiation moves from a cool object to an object of the same temperature

Which material is typically used as a thermal insulator?

copper

foam

ceramic

aluminum

A student heats a liquid on a burner. What happens to the portion of liquid that first begins to warm?

It loses energy.

It becomes less dense.

It sinks downward.

Its molecules get closer together.

Carmen is heating some water and trying to measure the temperature of water using a Celsius thermometer. Which measurement can she expect once the water begins to boil?

32°C

100° C

212°C

373°C

In which of these can convection not occur?

gases

solids

liquids

fluids

Which shows the formula for converting from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit?

°F = (9/5 × °C) +32

°F = 5/9 × (°C – 32)

°F = °C – 273

°F = °C + 273

The diagram shows movement of thermal energy.

W and X

X and Z

Y and Z

Z and W

This image shows how magma moves through the Earth’s mantle.

The magma is cooled and becomes more dense by the core moving it toward the crust.

The magma is heated and becomes more dense by the core moving it toward the crust.

The magma is cooled and becomes less dense by the core moving it toward the crust.

The magma is heated and becomes less dense by the core moving it toward the crust.

What must be true about two objects for conduction to take place?

The objects must be different temperatures and they must be in contact.

The objects must be the same temperature and they must be in contact.

The objects must be different temperatures and they must be insulators.

The objects must be the same temperature and they must be insulators.

Water is boiling in a clear pot, as shown in the picture.

They are more spread out and moving faster than those at the surface.

They are closer together and moving faster than those at the surface.

They are more spread out and moving slower than those at the surface.

They are closer together and moving slower than those at the surface.

Earl is using his hands to hold a metal pan 10 centimeters above a hot burner. How can this scenario be changed to demonstrate conduction between the pan and the burner?

increase the temperature of the burner

use a glass pan instead of a metal pan

use foam potholders to hold the pan

touch the pan to the burner

Which contains the particles that are vibrating fastest?

boiling water

frozen water

room-temperature water

cold tap water

Yami pours powdered cocoa mix into milk and stirs it. Then she microwaves the mixture for three minutes. When she takes the cup out, the handle is very warm. Steam rises from the cup, so she blows it before taking a sip. In which part of this scenario can convection be best observed?

stirring powdered cocoa mix into milk

touching the warm handle of the cup

rising steam from the cup of cocoa

pouring the cocoa mix into the milk

The diagram shows how air circulation forms a sea breeze on a warm day.Which best describes what is happening in the diagram?

At point 1, the air in the convection current is warmer and denser than at point 3 because its molecules contain more kinetic energy.

At point 2, the air absorbs thermal energy from the surrounding air, which causes it to become heavier and sink.

At point 3, the air in the convection current is cooler and lighter than the air in other parts of the current, so it is preparing to rise.

At point 4, thermal energy from warm air over the land is transferred upward toward cooler areas of the atmosphere.

Where could convection currents form?

in a sand dune

on a pavement

in the atmosphere

in outer space

Andre listed some properties of electromagnetic waves.1) transfer thermal energy by radiation2) can transfer energy over great distances3) need matter to transfer energy through4) are disturbances that carry energy

Electromagnetic waves transfer thermal energy by conduction.

Electromagnetic waves can only transfer energy over short distances.

Electromagnetic waves can transfer energy through empty space.

Electromagnetic waves are not considered disturbances.

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