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World War II — Test Answers

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1
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Supporters of using the atomic bomb at the end of World War II believed that

A
Japan might win the war if the bomb was not used.
B
Japan was developing a bomb and the US needed to use it first.
C
Americans were tired of war and the US should end it quickly.
D
Russia was developing a bomb and the US needed to use it first.
2
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Two groups who benefited economically from wartime production were

A
soldiers and sailors.
B
African Americans and women.
C
the Allied Powers and the Axis Powers.
D
the War Production Board and the Defense Plant Corporation.
3

In the Supreme Court’s decision in Korematsu v. United States , the court said that Korematsu

A
was a spy but was free to go back to Japan.
B
was not a spy but could not be granted equal rights.
C
was not a spy and deserved equal rights.
D
was a spy and should be imprisoned immediately.
4

Which best describes the beginning of the World War II?

A
France, Britain, and the United States declared war on Germany as a result of the Munich Agreement.
B
France and Britain declared war on Germany as a result of the Munich Agreement.
C
France, Britain, and the United States declared war on Germany following Germany’s invasion of Poland.
D
France and Britain declared war on Germany following Germany’s invasion of Poland.
5

Why did Nazi Germany build concentration camps in Poland?

A
to separate Jewish people from the rest of the public
B
to kill larger numbers of people
C
to show how powerful Nazi Germany was
D
to turn other governments against Jewish people
6

Under Executive Order 9066, the military

A
began to fight with Allied forces in Japan.
B
rebuilt Pearl Harbor and Hawaii after the Japanese attack.
C
could remove people considered a threat from their homes.
D
was assigned to defend California from threats from the Pacific.
7

What did US car companies produce during World War II?

A
guns and ammunition
B
airplanes and tanks
C
military uniforms and helmets
D
food and first-aid supplies
8

Which of these events occurred on the Italian mainland as Allied forces moved across the island of Sicily during the summer of 1943?

A
Germany invaded northern Italy.
B
Mussolini was removed from power.
C
Mussolini launched counteroffensives.
D
Britain invaded northern Italy.
9

The Nuremberg trials after World War II were largely a symbolic exercise because

A
a small number of perpetrators, such as Himmler, were charged.
B
a small number of Nazis did not defend themselves.
C
a small number of Nazis were charged.
D
a small number of perpetrators were charged with one crime.
10

Which best explains why Germans and Italians gave up their civil liberties and embraced totalitarianism?

A
They feared that their economic prosperity would vanish if they did not.
B
They supported fascist leaders who promised relief from economic hardships.
C
They believed a variety of political parties would stimulate their economy.
D
They were attracted by the idea of running their own businesses.
11

German scientists were concerned about Nazi restrictions on uranium sales because

A
uranium paid for German scientific research.
B
uranium would not be available for industrial research.
C
uranium could be used in research on atomic weapons.
D
uranium was important to German missile programs.
12

During World War II, why did Japan strongly and passionately defend Iwo Jima?

A
It was considered part of the Japanese homeland.
B
It was the only island that British forces had not captured.
C
It was a strategic base from which to attack Australia.
D
It was a strategic island in the Philippines.
13

Which of these is a feature of democratic systems but not totalitarian systems?

A
government control of businesses
B
rule by a single political party
C
open expressions of nationalism
D
freedom of speech
14

A provision of the US Neutrality Act of 1935

A
prohibited trade of any kind with other nations.
B
encouraged trade only with Europe.
C
encouraged the sale of arms to neutral countries.
D
prohibited the sale of arms to any belligerent nations.
15

World War II mobilization affected women by

A
giving them jobs considered women’s work.
B
giving them new job opportunities.
C
conscripting them into the army.
D
forcing them to work in factories.
16

During World War II, the Battle of Midway was significant because it

A
occurred on the open sea rather than near the target island.
B
was the first significant win for the Japanese in the Pacific.
C
evened the naval strength of the Japanese and US fleets.
D
denied the Japanese the chance to launch a direct attack on Australia.
17

How were the Japanese able to surprise the US at Pearl Harbor?

A
Japanese aircraft carriers had approached Hawaii unnoticed.
B
Japanese land forces had invaded Hawaii unnoticed.
C
Japanese submarines invaded Pearl Harbor unnoticed.
D
Japanese airplanes had flown to the US mainland unnoticed.
18

How did the Battle of Okinawa affect President Truman’s decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan?

A
It showed that the US could not win the war without it.
B
It showed the US could easily defeat Japan.
C
It showed that Japan was willing to fight without surrendering.
D
It showed that Japan was close to surrendering.
19

Shortly after the Munich Agreement gave Germany the Sudetenland, Hitler invaded

A
France.
B
Italy.
C
Britain.
D
Poland.
20

In 1942, which nation was an important member of the Allies but remained occupied by Germany?

A
China
B
Italy
C
France
D
the Soviet Union

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