AnswersMI-GovernmentCivicsThe Enlightenment

1.4 The Enlightenment Answers

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21
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John Locke believed humans are

A
easily be molded by authority.
B
instinctual and violent.
C
good but corrupted by society.
D
naturally reasonable.
22
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How did the philosophers of the Enlightenment view the relationship between government and the governed?

A
as mutually beneficial for people and government
B
as more beneficial to the government
C
as more beneficial to the people governed
D
as not at all beneficial to either group
23

John Locke believed humans are

A
easily be molded by authority.
B
instinctual and violent.
C
good but corrupted by society.
D
naturally reasonable.
24

John Locke helped develop the idea of a social contract between citizens and the

A
monarchy.
B
church.
C
government.
D
philosophers.
25

[BLANK]

A
authority
B
tradition
C
reason
26

John Locke thought people were neither good nor bad naturally. How did Hobbes’s views differ from Locke’s?

A
Hobbes thought people were naturally violent.
B
Hobbes thought people were naturally kind.
C
Hobbes thought people were naturally peaceful.
D
Hobbes thought people were naturally evil.
27

What did the philosophers of the Enlightenment seek to understand?

A
the natural rights behind religion’s continued power
B
the natural rights governing human behavior and society
C
the natural rights that gave leaders absolute power
D
the natural rights that governed the physical universe
28

Why did Montesquieu advocate the separation of powers?

A
to stop political parties from gaining too much power
B
to ensure power divisions along party lines
C
to eliminate conflict between branches of government
D
to limit the power of any single group or person
29

[BLANK]

A
unity
B
freedom
C
tyranny
30

Enlightenment thinking on government included

A
establishing religious doctrine.
B
using violent protest.
C
taking a secular approach.
D
supporting divine right.
31

Under what circumstances did John Locke think it would be acceptable for the people to overthrow the government?

A
It is never acceptable, as overthrowing the government would be a violation of the social contract.
B
If the people were to break the social contract and seek a different type of rule, the people could overthrow the government.
C
If the government violated the social contract, the people could overthrow the government.
D
If the government failed to accept new natural rights, the people could overthrow the government.
32

Which factors contributed to the beginning of the Enlightenment movement? Check all that apply.

A
the age of science and scientific inquiry
B
the revival of religious belief and study
C
the age of reason-based inquiry
D
the advancement in all areas of human interest
E
the resurgence of past ideas and principles

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