AnswersBiologyBuilding Blocks of Life

Building Blocks of Life — Test Answers

25 verified answers
1
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Based on the table, what advice do you think that the dietician will give the patient?

A
The patient should increase the amount of lean meats (proteins) and decrease the amount of oils in his or her diet.
B
The patient should decrease the amount of rice and pasta and increase the amount of lean meats (proteins) in his or her diet.
C
The patient should decrease the amount of rice and pasta and increase the amount of oils in his or her diet.
D
The patient should decrease the amount of lean meats (proteins) and increase the amount of oils in his or her diet.
2
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What can you conclude from the graph?

A
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires more energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
B
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires more energy to start, and occurs less rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
C
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs more rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
D
The reaction that causes a firework to explode requires less energy to start, and occurs less rapidly than the reaction that causes a candle to burn.
3

Which will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

A
adding a catalyst
B
decreasing the pressure
C
removing a catalyst
D
decreasing the temperature
4

Which statement best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

A
Photosynthesis is part of the carbon cycle, and cellular respiration is not.
B
Photosynthesis releases carbon into the atmosphere, and cellular respiration removes carbon from the atmosphere.
C
Photosynthesis removes carbon from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration releases carbon back into the atmosphere.
D
Only plants perform photosynthesis, and only animals perform cellular respiration.
5

Where is the greatest amount of the world’s carbon found?

A
plants and animals
B
atmosphere
C
ocean
D
seafloor sediments
6

In what form is carbon found in the atmosphere?

A
CO sub 2
B
cap h sub 2 cap o
C
cap c sub 6 cap h sub 12 cap o sub 6
D
ATP
7

After school, Kai feels hungry and tired. He finds some sugar cookies in the cabinet and finishes the whole package. Which statements best describe the role of glucagon and insulin in this scenario?

A
Glucagon was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. Insulin was secreted after he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was high.
B
Glucagon was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. After he ate, insulin from the cookies increased his blood sugar levels.
C
Insulin was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. Glucagon was secreted after he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was high.
D
Insulin was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was low. After he ate, glucagon from the cookies increased his blood sugar levels.
8

Why do phospholipids form a bilayer in water?

A
The phosphate portions repel each other.
B
The lipid portions attract water, and the phosphate portions repel water.
C
The hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts attract each other.
D
The phosphate portions attract water, and the lipid portions repel water.
9

Which type of molecule that can be found in living things lacks carbon atoms?

A
fat
B
water
C
carbohydrate
D
protein
10

What is the general term for any carbohydrate monomer?

A
polysaccharide
B
monosaccharide
C
glucose
D
fructose
11

Which statement about enzymes is true?

A
Enzymes and substrates fit together like a lock and key.
B
An enzyme functions to decrease the rate of a chemical reaction.
C
Enzymes are proteins that function as catalysts in nonliving things.
D
Each enzyme can catalyze many different biochemical reactions.
12

A patient has diabetes, a disease that causes high blood sugar levels. Which macromolecule will a dietician monitor most closely in a patient that has the disease?

A
nucleic acids
B
carbohydrates
C
lipids
D
proteins
13

What would most likely happen to a person who is not getting enough essential amino acids in his or her diet?

A
Stored protein would break down.
B
The body would synthesize the amino acids.
C
Muscle growth and repair would be limited.
D
The formation of proteins would increase.
14

Which statement best describes the relationship between activation energy and rate of reaction?

A
Reducing the activation energy can increase the rate of a reaction.
B
Reducing the activation energy can decrease the rate of a reaction.
C
Increasing the activation energy can increase the rate of a reaction.
D
Increasing the reaction energy does not alter the rate of reaction.
15

Hemophilia is a disease that causes uncontrollable bleeding. If a father has it, all of his daughters will be carriers of the disease. Which macromolecule is involved in how hemophilia is passed from parents to their children?

A
protein
B
nucleic acid
C
lipid
D
carbohydrate
16

A scientist is examining the role of an element found in fats and carbohydrates of living things. This element makes up 65 percent of human body mass. Which statement describes the element he is studying?

A
He is studying nitrogen, which can also be found in proteins.
B
He is studying oxygen, which can also be found in proteins.
C
He is studying nitrogen, which is the most abundant element in the atmosphere.
D
He is studying oxygen, which is the most abundant element in the atmosphere.
17

Which carbohydrate can be used by the body as an immediate source of energy?

A
glycogen
B
chitin
C
cellulose
D
glucose
18

A scientist is examining the function of macromolecules in a cell. She notices that movement of large molecules into and out of the cell is disrupted when she damages one specific type of macromolecule. Which macromolecule has she most likely damaged?

A
a nucleic acid
B
a carbohydrate
C
a steroid
D
a protein
19

What would most likely happen if a person increased the amount of saturated fat in his or her diet?

A
The person's risk of cardiovascular disease would increase.
B
The person's bad cholesterol would decrease.
C
The person’s good cholesterol would increase.
D
The person's risk of cardiovascular disease would decrease.
20

Which is released during the formation of a peptide bond?

A
a five-carbon sugar
B
a water molecule
C
an amino group
D
an amino acid

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