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Cell Processes — Test Answers

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Which is a function of the structure that is represented in the image?

A
builds proteins from amino acids
B
provides support and protection
C
controls the movement of substances into and out of cells
D
helps in determining plant cell shape
3

The role of the cell membrane is most like the job of which person?

A
a firefighter who evacuates people from a burning building
B
a bus driver who drives the express route from the suburb to downtown
C
a teacher who keeps students in the classroom during an exam
D
a police officer who allows select people to enter and leave a crime scene
4

How does interphase prepare cells for mitosis?

A
division of cytoplasm
B
dissolution of nucleus and cell membrane
C
growth of cell and replication of DNA
D
rest prior to cell division
7

Which are characteristics of epithelial cells? Choose two correct answers.

A
found lining many areas that contact the external environment
B
carry oxygen through the body
C
make up the skeletal muscle
D
are unable to be used for secretion of materials
E
plays a role in protection
F
main cells of the nervous system
8

Which organelle breaks down sugar molecules that supply energy to the cell?

A
nucleus
B
Golgi apparatus
C
endoplasmic reticulum
D
mitochondrion
9

A magnifying glass is an example of which type of microscope?

A
scanning microscope
B
compound light microscope
C
simple microscope
D
electron microscope
10

Who first recognized the cell as the universal unit of life?

A
Schleiden and Schwann
B
Hooke
C
van Leeuwenhoek
D
Virchow
11

Which type of cells are the least limited in differentiation?

A
amniotic fluid stem cells
B
somatic stem cells
C
embryonic stem cells
D
adult stem cells
12

Which is an example of how stem cells are currently being used?

A
for directing differentiation to treat diabetes and arthritis
B
for generating healthy cells to form replacement organs like brains
C
for testing for possible side effects of a new cancer medication
D
for curing heart disease by regenerating damaged heart tissue
13

Which best defines homeostasis?

A
movement of materials into the cell
B
controlling what enters and exits the cell
C
modifying the external environment
D
maintaining a stable internal environment
14

A scientist discovers a cell that has chloroplasts, cytoplasm, DNA, and a cell membrane. Which statement best describes how the cell could be classified?

A
The cell is eukaryotic because it has chloroplasts.
B
The cell is prokaryotic because it has cytoplasm.
C
The cell is prokaryotic because it has DNA.
D
The cell is eukaryotic because it has a cell membrane.
15

It is crucial that the process of mitosis is error free. This is because otherwise healthy cells can

A
grow into giant super cells.
B
undergo meiosis.
C
become cancer cells.
D
produce two identical cells.
17

Which statement is one component of the cell theory?

A
All living and nonliving things consist of one or more cells.
B
A cell is the basic unit of structure and function of all organisms.
C
Cells are the most complex unit of structure and function in living things.
D
Cells and living organisms are spontaneously created.
18

The endosymbiotic theory provides an explanation for the origin of chloroplasts. Which trait of chloroplasts supports this explanation?

A
Chloroplasts do not reproduce.
B
Chloroplasts are larger than prokaryotic cells.
C
Chloroplasts rely on proteins that are made by the cell.
D
Chloroplasts have their own DNA.
19

Which correctly describes crossing over?

A
the process whereby homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
B
the process whereby sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
C
the process whereby non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material
D
the process whereby homologous chromosome pairs align randomly along the metaphase plate

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