Genetics — Test Answers

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Which is a frameshift mutation?

A
deletion
B
substitution
C
nonsense
D
silent
4

What can a person do to limit exposure to X-rays?

A
avoid chemicals
B
wear a protective vest
C
avoid cigarette smoke
D
wear sunblock
5

Which most directly describes a benefit of using DNA technology in medicine?

A
Medicine can be produced in mass quantities.
B
Medicine can be distributed at a reduced cost.
C
Medicines have fewer side effects.
D
Medicines are resistant to antibiotics.
6

Which best summarizes the process of protein synthesis?

A
RNA moves the DNA code to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.
B
RNA instructs DNA to make proteins.
C
DNA unzips, resulting in the formation of two protein molecules.
D
DNA makes proteins in the nucleus.
10

What was Friedrich Miescher's contribution to the discovery of the genetic code?

A
He created the first accurate model of DNA's structure.
B
He created the first photograph of the structure of DNA.
C
He discovered how the DNA bases pair together.
D
He extracted and observed DNA from white blood cells.
11

Which describes something that occurs during translation?

A
A DNA template is used to create an mRNA strand.
B
A tRNA template is used to create an mRNA strand.
C
An mRNA template is used to create an amino acid chain.
D
A tRNA template is used to create a DNA strand.
12

Maria is concerned because she has been exposed to a small amount of radiation during an X-ray. What is her doctor most likely to tell her?

A
Small amounts of a mutagen often do not have an effect on health.
B
Radiations from X-rays is not a mutagen.
C
Mutagens have no effect on the body unless you have inherited them.
D
Severe mutations are usually caused by small amounts of a mutagen.
13

Which best describes a centromere?

A
the material that makes up a chromosome
B
the part of a chromosome that joins the sister chromatids
C
paired chromosomes that have genes arranged in the same order
D
sister chromosomes that are held together by a chromatid
14

Which of these correctly organizes these genetic terms in order from smallest to largest?

A
DNA molecule, nucleotide, chromosome, gene
B
chromosome, gene, nucleotide, DNA molecule
C
DNA molecule, nucleotide, gene, chromosome
D
nucleotide, gene, DNA molecule, chromosome
17

Which DNA fingerprinting technique examines the length variation of DNA repeat sequences in human DNA?

A
mitochondrial DNA analysis
B
polymerase chain reaction analysis
C
Y chromosome analysis
D
variable tandem repeats analysis
18

Which represents a strand of RNA bases?

A
AGGTTCACA
B
TGGAACTCA
C
CAAGGUCUC
D
CAAGGTCTC
19

All of these would be visible on a karyotype except

A
histones.
B
aneuploidy.
C
trisomy.
D
polysomy.
20

Which best matches a type of genetic material with its description?

A
Chromosomes create genes.
B
Nucleotides form a helical structure that is called a gene.
C
Genes combine to form structures called nucleotides.
D
DNA is located in the nucleus.

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