AnswersFL-2000315-Biology 1 CRLab: Natural Selection-Standard Bio 4.2

Evolutionary Relationships Answers

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Which describes the modern classification system?

A
based on evolutionary relationships
B
called Linnaean classification
C
based on similar appearances
D
called Darwinian classification
2
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Consider the cladogram.Which group of organisms has the derived characteristics of true tissues, bilateral symmetry, and a pseudocoelom?

Question illustration
A
sponges
B
roundworms
C
annelids
D
chordates
3

A scientist is trying to determine how closely related a moth species (Species Z) is to four other moth species (Species A, B, C, and D). He examined the DNA of each species and compared it to the study subject. He then created this table.Species# of genetic differences Species A12Species B3Species C14Species D28Which species is most closely related to the moth species (Species Z)?

A
species A
B
species B
C
species C
D
species D
4

Why was modern classification invented?

A
Traditional classification could not classify all living things.
B
Scientists realized related organisms do not share similar characteristics.
C
Scientists understood that species share a common ancestor.
D
Modern classification is faster and easier to use.
5

If two organisms are in the same clade, what can you predict about their relationship?

A
They are not closely related.
B
They share a common ancestor.
C
They compete for resources.
D
One organism evolved into the other organism.
6

Dr. Digger, a paleontologist, finds a fossil that he describes in his journal.The creature was approximately 1 meter long, with its backbone fused into a large shell covering the body cavity. It had a beaklike mouth, without teeth, and all four limbs were in the form of flippers.Based on anatomical similarities, to which modern animal is Dr. Digger’s creature most closely related?

A
zebra
B
bony fish
C
sea turtle
D
snake
7

Consider the phylogenetic tree of Old World primates.According to the tree, which primates share the most recent common ancestor with humans?

Question illustration
A
gorillas
B
chimpanzees
C
bonobos and chimpanzees
D
bonobos and gorillas
8

A scientist discovers a new organism that is related to clownfish. What can the scientist discover by using molecular clocks?

A
the date that the organism first appeared in the fossil record
B
the age of the organism
C
the amount of time that the two species have been evolving apart
D
the number of years that fish have existed
9

Julia is trying to place a duckbilled platypus, lizard, bear, and monkey on a phylogenetic tree. She learns that the duckbilled platypus, bear, and monkey are classified as mammals. She also learns that mammals share a common ancestor with reptiles. Which additional piece of information will be most helpful to Julia to properly build her phylogenetic tree?

A
The platypus has fur like other mammals.
B
The platypus does not have feathers like a bird.
C
The platypus lays eggs like a reptile.
D
The platypus does not have fins like a fish.
10

In a cladogram, what occurs at a node?

A
A derived trait appears.
B
Evolution is stopped.
C
An ancestor dies.
D
The cladogram ends.
11

Which describes the modern classification system?

A
based on evolutionary relationships
B
called Linnaean classification
C
based on similar appearances
D
called Darwinian classification
12

According to the cladogram, which organisms are in the smallest clade with birds?

Question illustration
A
crocodiles
B
primates
C
rodents and rabbits
D
sharks
13

Consider the cladogram.According to the cladogram, which organisms have roundworms as a common ancestor?

Question illustration
A
mollusks and flatworms
B
sponges and chordates
C
flatworms, sponges, and cnidarians
D
mollusks, echinoderms, chordates, and annelids
14

Which best describes traditional classification?

A
It is based on shared characteristics.
B
It is based on evolutionary relationships.
C
It is called phylogenetic classification.
D
It is called cladistics.
15

Consider the cladogram.Which group of organisms has the derived characteristics of true tissues, bilateral symmetry, and a pseudocoelom?

Question illustration
A
sponges
B
roundworms
C
annelids
D
chordates
16

Protists are a group of organisms that are characterized as eukaryotes (they have cells with nuclei) that are neither plants nor animals nor fungi. They are very diverse, and there are many hypotheses about their classification. The cladogram for protists is constantly changing and, sometimes, there are opposite hypotheses that both have data to support them. What is the implication of a changing hypothesis?

A
It is acceptable because data are still being collected.
B
It is acceptable because everything in science should always change.
C
It is not acceptable because the correct answer needs to be found.
D
It is not acceptable because science never changes.
17

Julia is trying to place a duckbilled platypus, lizard, bear, and monkey on a phylogenetic tree. She learns that the duckbilled platypus, bear, and monkey are classified as mammals. She also learns that mammals share a common ancestor with reptiles. Which additional piece of information will be most helpful to Julia to properly build her phylogenetic tree?

A
The platypus has fur like other mammals.
B
The platypus does not have feathers like a bird.
C
The platypus lays eggs like a reptile.
D
The platypus does not have fins like a fish.
18

Dr. Digger, a paleontologist, finds a fossil that he describes in his journal.The creature was approximately 1 meter long, with its backbone fused into a large shell covering the body cavity. It had a beaklike mouth, without teeth, and all four limbs were in the form of flippers.Based on anatomical similarities, to which modern animal is Dr. Digger’s creature most closely related?

A
zebra
B
bony fish
C
sea turtle
D
snake
19

Which of the following are Phylogenetic trees also know as ?

A
Cladogram
B
Clade
C
Node
D
Linnaean

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