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Organisms and Energy — Test Answers

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1
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Which option would allow Stella to set up a control group for the experiment?

A
She should place one flower in a similar container, but not pump carbon dioxide into it.
B
She should provide mist to each of the plants except one plant to keep the air moist and fertilize the plants.
C
She should give the plants receiving the least cap c cap o sub 2 a little more oxygen to compensate for the difference in gases.
D
She should give all the flowers the same amount of water.
2
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Which component of Earth’s atmosphere is decreased due to photosynthesis?

A
oxygen
B
hydrogen peroxide
C
carbon dioxide
D
ozone
3

Which events take place in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

A
Light energy is captured by plants; light energy is converted to chemical energy.
B
Light energy is converted to chemical energy; chemical energy is used to make sugar.
C
Light energy is captured by plants; light energy is used to make sugar.
D
Light energy is converted to sugars; sugars are broken down for energy.
4

Which process connects glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

A
electron transport
B
lactic acid formation
C
acetyl CoA formation
D
Krebs cycle
5

During photosynthesis, the energy from sunlight is used to split water molecules. What happens to the hydrogen ions that are split from the water molecules?

A
They build up in the thylakoid, where they bond to each other to create ATP.
B
They flow out of the thylakoid, where they stimulate enzymes to break apart ATP.
C
They flow out of the thylakoid, providing energy to add a phosphate group to ADP.
D
They build up in the thylakoid, providing energy to break apart ATP molecules.
6

If the number of photosynthetic organisms on Earth decreased drastically, which would happen as a result?

A
More oxygen gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.
B
Less water would be available on Earth’s surface.
C
Less solar energy would reach Earth’s atmosphere.
D
More carbon dioxide gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.
7

An important difference between cellular respiration and photosynthesis is that when cellular respiration begins, glucose molecules are split. However, when photosynthesis begins

A
carbon dioxide molecules are split.
B
ADP molecules are split.
C
oxygen molecules are split.
D
water molecules are split.
8

Mira analyzed oxygen and carbon dioxide in inhaled and exhaled air. She found that the percentages of both gases were different in each. What other gas would most likely also have different amounts in inhaled and exhaled air?

A
hydrogen open paren cap h sub 2 close paren
B
water vapor cap h sub 2 cap o
C
ozone open paren cap o sub 3 close paren
D
sulfur dioxide open paren SO sub 2 close paren
9

What role does cellular respiration play in the carbon cycle?

A
It removes CO sub 2 from the atmosphere during the citric acid cycle.
B
It removes CO sub 2 from the atmosphere during glycolysis.
C
It releases CO sub 2 to the atmosphere during electron transport.
D
It releases CO sub 2 to the atmosphere during acetyl CoA formation.
10

In what way are the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis similar?

A
Both produce oxygen as a byproduct.
B
Both involve carbon fixation.
C
Both require chemical energy to proceed.
D
Both occur in the chloroplast.
11

At which point is G3P removed from the Calvin cycle to be used in the production of carbohydrates?

A
immediately after reduction
B
during photophosphorylation
C
immediately after regeneration
D
during carbon fixation
12

Which statement correctly compares the body’s energy storage molecules?

A
Glycogen is the body’s main source of energy, but proteins contain most of the body’s stored energy.
B
Glycogen is the body’s main source of energy, but lipids contain most of the body’s stored energy.
C
Proteins are the body’s main source of energy, but lipids contain most of the body’s stored energy.
D
Lipids are the body’s main source of energy, but glycogen contains most of the body’s stored energy.
14

Which specific process in the light-dependent reactions produces oxygen and hydrogen ions?

A
the production of ATP
B
the excitation of electrons in photosytem I
C
the splitting of water
D
the formation of NADPH
15

If a runner is doing vigorous exercise, which results from the anaerobic cellular process?

A
accumulation of lactic acid
B
depletion of ethanol
C
accumulation of oxygen
D
depletion of carbon dioxide
16

Cells use different processes at different times to provide an organism with the energy that it needs. Spirulina is an autotrophic bacteria that can be found in freshwater and marine environments. Which process takes place in the cells of Spirulina that does not occur in the cells of a human?

A
photosynthesis
B
aerobic respiration
C
anaerobic respiration
D
cellular respiration
18

Which statement explains how ATP and its phosphate groups are related to the energy that is used in plant processes?

A
ADP gains a phosphate group to create ATP, which stores energy for making sugars.
B
ADP loses a phosphate group to create ATP, which stores energy for making sugars.
C
ADP gains a phosphate group to create ATP; this process results from sugar production.
D
ADP loses a phosphate group to create ATP; this process instantly releases energy for making sugars.
19

The chemical reaction equation of photosynthesis is shown here: 6 CO sub 2 plus 6 cap h sub 2 cap o rightarrow cap c sub 6 cap h sub 12 cap o sub 6 plus 6 cap o sub 2 What information is not given in this equation.

A
It does not show the number of molecules required to produce glucose.
B
It does not show the reactants needed for the reaction.
C
It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.
D
It does not show if the reaction is reversible.
20

After Frida stops exercising, she continues to breathe heavily. What is most likely occurring in her body?

A
Strenuous exercise has caused her body to be in oxygen debt, and she is breathing hard while lactate is transported to the liver. This is a result of anaerobic respiration.
B
Heavy breathing during exercise has produced a carbon dioxide surplus in her muscles. Lactate is being transported to her liver. This is a result of aerobic respiration.
C
Strenuous exercise has caused her body to be in carbon dioxide debt, and she is breathing hard while lactate is transported to the liver. This is a result of anaerobic respiration.
D
Heavy breathing during exercise has produced an oxygen surplus in her muscles. This oxygen is being transported to her lungs. This is a result of aerobic respiration.
22

Which statement correctly compares and contrasts the three stages of cellular respiration that occur in the presence of oxygen?

A
Each stage produces ATP, but only the third stage occurs in the mitochondria.
B
Each stage occurs in the mitochondria, but only the final stage produces ATP.
C
Each stage produces ATP, but only the first stage occurs in the cytoplasm.
D
Each stage occurs in the cytoplasm, but only the final stage produces ATP.
23

To which substance does ferredoxin transfer an electron?

A
NADPH
B
photosystem I
C
NADP +
D
photosystem II

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