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Practice Test Answers

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How should Simon use the theory of relativity to describe what the astronaut must do in order to hit the button?

A
The astronaut should toss the penny horizontally straight behind her as it will appear to fall in an arc because objects in an accelerating frame of reference behave in the same way as they would in a gravity field.
B
The astronaut should toss the penny in a straight line toward the button because the penny will follow a straight line in space rather than appear to move in an arc as it would in a gravity field.
C
The astronaut should just let the penny go, as the control panel will accelerate upward and curve toward the astronaut because there is no gravity field.
D
The astronaut should toss the penny straight up as it will appear to fall in an arc because objects in an accelerating frame of reference behave in the same way as they would in a gravity field.
2
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What elements are in the unknown sample? Choose two correct answers.

A
helium
B
boron
C
lithium
D
hydrogen
E
potassium
3

Which spacecraft appears the longest to an outside observer?

A
W
B
X
C
Y
D
Z
4

Which stars are best characterized as having high temperatures and low luminosities?

A
main sequence
B
white dwarfs
C
supergiants
D
red giants
5

Which labels belong in the areas marked X, Y, and Z?

A
X: speed of light is always 3.0 meters meters per second Y: applies to objects moving almost at the speed of light Z: describes the effect of constant motion in space on time
B
X: laws of physics are the same for all uniformly moving frames of motion Y: applies to objects with constant velocity Z: speed of light through empty space is the same for all observers
C
X: applies to objects moving almost at the speed of light Y: describes the effect of constant motion in space on time Z: speed of light is always 3.0 meters meters per second
D
X: speed of light through empty space is the same for all observers Y: laws of physics are the same for all uniformly moving frames of motion Z: applies to objects with constant velocity
6

Which best describes Clara’s error?

A
The CMB is blue-shifted, not red-shifted, to the microwave region.
B
The temperature of the CMB is cooler, not hotter, than at the time of the big bang.
C
During redshift, the light source and observer move closer together, not farther apart.
D
The redshift indicates approaching, not receding, galaxies.
7

When light from one source, X, strikes a metal, electrons are ejected. When light from another source, Y, strikes the same metal, electrons are not ejected. Which best explains why this occurs?

A
Photons of light from source X carry more energy than photons of light from source Y.
B
Light from source X has a higher intensity than light from source Y.
C
Light from source X has a lower intensity than light from source Y.
D
Photons of light from source X carry less energy than photons of light from source Y.
9

What is the study of the spectra produced from the emission and absorption of electromagnetic radiation?

A
spectroscopy
B
study of absorption spectrums
C
nanotechnology
D
study of emission spectrum
10

Which idea did Isaac Newton’s experiments with light support?

A
Light is made of particles because it travels only in a straight path.
B
Light is produced by the interaction of magnetic and electric fields.
C
Light is a wave because it has properties that are similar to radio waves.
D
Light is a wave because it bends around barriers.

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