The Enlightenment Answers

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John Locke believed that natural rights

A
should be given only to the majority.
B
should be limited for all people.
C
do not come from the government.
D
do not pertain to economic issues.
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Enlightenment thinking on government included

A
establishing religious doctrine.
B
using violent protest.
C
taking a secular approach.
D
supporting divine right.
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A
rulers
B
philosophers
C
enemies
4

Under what circumstances did John Locke think it would be acceptable for the people to overthrow the government?

A
It is never acceptable, as overthrowing the government would be a violation of the social contract.
B
If the people were to break the social contract and seek a different type of rule, the people could overthrow the government.
C
If the government violated the social contract, the people could overthrow the government.
D
If the government failed to accept new natural rights, the people could overthrow the government.
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unityfreedomtyranny

A
unity
B
freedom
C
tyranny
7

Thomas Hobbes’s belief that every country should have the ultimate power over itself is known as

n
national sovereignty.
a
a social contract.
n
natural rights.
t
the separation of powers.
8

What must people provide in order to be governed under a social contract?

r
rational consent to the government
a
allegiance to the government
p
political support for the government
m
material support for the government
9

John Locke thought people were neither good nor bad naturally. How did Hobbes’s views differ from Locke’s?

A
Hobbes thought people were naturally violent.
B
Hobbes thought people were naturally kind.
C
Hobbes thought people were naturally peaceful.
D
Hobbes thought people were naturally evil.
10

John Locke helped develop the idea of a social contract between citizens and the

A
monarchy.
B
church.
C
government.
D
philosophers.
11

John Locke believed humans are

A
easily be molded by authority.
B
instinctual and violent.
C
good but corrupted by society.
D
naturally reasonable.
12

Which factors contributed to the beginning of the Enlightenment movement? Check all that apply.

A
the age of science and scientific inquiry
B
the revival of religious belief and study
C
the age of reason-based inquiry
D
the advancement in all areas of human interest
E
the resurgence of past ideas and principles
13

Read the quote from John Locke."…no one [or government] ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions…and may not, unless it be to do justice on an offender, take away, or impair the life, or what tends to the preservation of the life, liberty, health, limb, or goods of another…"According to the quote, Locke believed that government’s main purpose is to

A
protect and preserve rights of the people.
B
make laws that restrict people’s rights.
C
protect people from themselves.
D
make sure all groups are represented.
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A
Thomas Hobbes
B
John Locke
C
Baron de Montesquieu
15

What did the philosophers of the Enlightenment seek to understand?

A
the natural rights behind religion’s continued power
B
the natural rights governing human behavior and society
C
the natural rights that gave leaders absolute power
D
the natural rights that governed the physical universe
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A
authority
B
tradition
C
reason
17

How did Niccolo Machiavelli’s ideas contribute to Enlightenment thinking?

A
He helped define natural rights.
B
He argued for the separation of church and state.
C
He felt that law, morality, and religion were superficial.
D
He examined human nature outside of religion.
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A
unity
B
freedom
C
tyranny

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