Contested Usage — Unit test Answers

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Which sentence contains a split infinitive?

I
It is important to wear plenty of sunscreen at an outdoor swim meet.
T
The coach tells the swimmers how to improve their performance.
P
Parents drive to the local swim club so they can watch the competition.
S
Swimmers must be sure to completely follow all of the team guidelines.
44

Read the paragraph.Each year between April and October, millions of baseball fans head out to fields across America to watch their favorite teams compete against each other. But how and when did baseball become recognized as the national sport of the United States?

A
to make the reader understand how baseball became a national pastime for many Americans
B
to make the reader wonder how baseball became the national sport of the United States
C
to make the reader guess which baseball teams are the most popular in the United States
D
to make the reader curious about which teams will most likely win in the next baseball season
45

Read the excerpt from Early Victorian Tea Set.Among the upper classes, tea had been popular since before 1700. It received celebrity endorsement from Charles II’s queen, Catherine of Braganza, and from Queen Anne. It came from China, it was expensive, refreshingly bitter and drunk in tiny cups without milk or sugar. People kept their tea in locked tea caddies, as if it were a drug; for those who could afford it, it often was. In the 1750s Samuel Johnson confessed himself a happy addict:A hardened and shameless tea drinker, who has for twenty years diluted his meals with only the infusion of this fascinating plant, whose kettle scarcely has time to cool, who with Tea amuses the evening, with Tea solaces the midnights, and with Tea welcomes the morning.

A
explain why only the upper classes could afford to drink tea.
B
express his viewpoint on the importance of drinking tea often.
C
illustrate how celebrities preferred their tea with sugar and milk.
D
support his statement that people locked away their tea like it was a drug.
46

Read this excerpt from "Like Mexicans.". . . I ignored them and climbed the back fence to see my best friend, Scott, a second-generation Okie.What is the meaning of the underlined term in this context?

A
someone who is from the West and whose parents are from the West
B
someone who is racist and whose parents who are racist
C
someone who is not Mexican and whose parents are not Mexican
D
someone who is fluent in English and whose parents are fluent in English
47

Look at the picture of John Harrison painted by artist Philippe Joseph Tassaert.

Question illustration
A
to make the text more engaging by putting a face with Harrison’s name
B
to emphasize that Harrison is the most important topic in the text
C
to help the reader understand Harrison’s chronometer better
D
to encourage the reader to appreciate Harrison’s genius
48

How does Michio Kaku establish the sense of urgency that compelled the development of the Internet in "How the Internet and Other Technologies Came About"?

A
by comparing the United States’ emerging technology to the Soviet Union’s
B
by explaining the United States’ plans to launch World War III
C
by describing the paranoia of the nuclear arms race that reigned at the time
D
by detailing a quantitative study of Pentagon priorities
49

Read the excerpt from Early Victorian Tea Set.In the eighteenth century Josiah Wedgwood had made some of the most expensive stoneware ceramics – in jasper and basalt – in Britain, but this tea set shows that by the 1840s, when Wedgwood produced it, the company was aiming at a much wider market. This is quite clearly mid-range pottery, simple earthenware of a sort that many quite modest British households were then able to afford. But the owners of this particular set must have had serious social aspirations, because all three pieces have been decorated with a drape of lacy hallmarked silver.

A
some of the most expensive stoneware ceramics
B
aiming at a much wider market
C
quite clearly mid-range pottery
D
decorated with a drape of lacy hallmarked silver
50

Read this excerpt from "How the Internet and Other Technologies Came About."The Pentagon wanted to ensure that their pilots would be able to fly their jets and bombers in the most unpredictable, hostile environments, including the presence of huge winds whipped up by nuclear fireballs. To accomplish this, the Pentagon developed flight simulators, in what was the birth of virtual reality. The pilots would sit in chairs with goggles placed over their eyes and use joysticks to control the simulated computer image in their headset. Select the most accurate summary of Kaku’s argument.

A
Virtual reality allows people to experience harsh environments, such as nuclear warfare, in a safe location.
B
Virtual reality began as a Pentagon-generated tool that prepared jet pilots for nuclear war.
C
Virtual reality has impressive gadgetry, such as joysticks and headsets, that were inspired by the Pentagon.
D
Virtual reality is an indispensable tool that prepares pilots for the shock of nuclear fireballs.
51

How does Michio Kaku establish the nineteenth and twentieth centuries as an “Age of Discovery” in “Choreographers of Matter, Life, and Intelligence”?

A
by describing the government support offered to scientists of the time
B
by offering quantitative proof of people’s improved health and lifespans
C
by highlighting the social and religious developments of the era
D
by listing the significant scientific developments of the era
52

Which line would be best to include in a summary of "Early Victorian Tea Set”?

A
British citizens should not have been so aggressive when planting tea in India.
B
Do you like to drink tea? Me, too! This chapter is about tea in Great Britain.
C
I disagree with MacGregor’s opinion that the quest for tea caused much violence worldwide.
D
MacGregor shows that the British desire for tea changed many nations around the world.
53

Read this excerpt from "DNA Testing."DNA samples from insects preserved in amber can date back to before the time of the dinosaurs, which died out 65 million years ago. George Poinar of Oregon State University, for example, has even extracted muscle tissue from a 125-million-year-old Lebanese weevil. This is, says Poinar, “the best preserved protein on the face of the earth.” So far, DNA has been successfully extracted from about a half dozen ancient samples in amber. Select the most accurate summary of Kaku’s argument.

A
Amber has allowed scientists to study DNA that has been preserved over millions of years.
B
Amber’s preservative uses have been studied and explained by scientists at Oregon State University.
C
Amber is an effective preservative for Lebanese weevils, as proven by ancient samples extracted by scientists.
D
Amber can preserve DNA over millions of years; this suggests a new method for preserving culture far into the future.
54

Read the excerpt from A History of the World in 100 Objects.This object has on it the image of a king, but this particular example has been appropriated by women – disfigured by a slogan as an act of female protest against the laws of the state. It is a British penny with King Edward VII in elegant profile, but his image has been defaced in what was then a criminal act. Stamped all over the king’s head in crude capitals are the words VOTES FOR WOMEN. This suffragette coin stands for all those who fought for the right to vote.

A
that the laws of the state only applied to women
B
that women were often breaking laws to make a point
C
that the penny was not considered a useful form of currency
D
that women wanted to change existing laws and gain the right to vote
55

Read the sentence.A tray of fresh watermelon slices was provided by the booster club.How should the writer revise the sentence to use active voice?

A
A tray was provided by the booster club of fresh watermelon slices.
B
Slices of fresh watermelon were provided by the booster club.
C
The booster club provided a tray of fresh watermelon slices.
D
Fresh watermelon slices were provided fresh by the booster club.
56

Read this excerpt from "Choreographers of Matter, Life, and Intelligence."With these three fundamental discoveries, triggered by the quantum revolution, the DNA revolution, and the computer revolution, the basic laws of matter, life, and computation were, in the main, finally solved.What is the author’s purpose for including this statement?

A
to praise the impressive work of modern scientists
B
to provide evidence that the age of discovery is concluding
C
to give examples of federally funded scientific discoveries
D
to criticize societies that fail to encourage science
57

What must students use when summarizing an informational text? Select 3 options.

A
a casual tone
B
informal language
C
academic language
D
an objective, formal tone
E
a variety of sentence types
58

Based on the speaker’s allusions in Midsummer to Shakespeare and sonnets, readers can infer that the speaker

A
thinks that other authors are better than Shakespeare.
B
believes that Shakespeare wrote about race relations well.
C
is deeply familiar with Shakespeare and his works.
D
feels that only certain people truly understand Shakespeare.
59

Read this excerpt from "Why No Policeman on the Block?"Only in the last decade, with the ending of the Cold War, have these technologies finally been fully released to the public domain.What is the meaning of the underlined term?

A
civilian researchers
B
open society
C
mass media
D
unlicensed users
60

Read the sentence.Someone sang a solo during the holiday concert.The best reason to revise this sentence using the passive voice is that

A
the name of the singer is unknown.
B
the kind of song being performed is unknown.
C
the length of the concert is unknown.
D
the type of holiday being celebrated is unknown.

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