AnswersPhilosophy The Big PictureUnit 6: The Rise of Modern Western Philosophy

Unit 6: The Rise of Modern Western Philosophy — Final exam Answers

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Which BEST explains why Simone de Beauvoir appears in the second half of the 20th century?

A
Existentialism wanted to erase the concept of gender.
B
Women’s roles were changing and creating more options.
C
She owned a publishing company and was able to forward her opinion.
D
Many of the male philosophers of the era made a point of championing equality.
42
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Which is TRUE of change in the 20th century?

A
Most changes were easily accomplished.
B
On the whole, it led to a more restrictive era.
C
Technology alone was responsible for the changes.
D
It occurred in many different aspects of culture and society.
43

One could argue that an existentialist would be happy living under a very oppressive political regime. What would be the basis of this argument?

A
Freedom goes against the nature of man.
B
Life is always meaningless, so it would make no difference.
C
Freedom causes anxiety, so removing it would create peace.
D
Oppression is the natural goal of society, so humans can endure it.
44

In which branch of philosophy would Wittgenstein’s statement, “The harmony between thought and reality is to be found in the grammar of the language” belong?

A
ethics
B
surrealism
C
metaphysics
D
epistemology
45

Although Russell’s ideas about ethics are not discussed, which is the MOST likely description of his position on human behavior?

A
Power goes to those who take it.
B
People should fight when necessary.
C
Logic should rule all human behavior.
D
Justice and equality are core principles.
46

How did existentialism support feminism?

A
It made feminism widely popular and mainstream.
B
It made everything meaningless, including gender roles.
C
It required that men revisit their perspectives on gender.
D
It made feminism an individual decision instead of a movement.
47

According to Husserl, what is the role of consciousness?

A
It exists in all living creatures.
B
It is the element that defines humanity.
C
It is required to have faith or know science.
D
It is refined through questioning the nature of human beings.
48

Heidegger would MOST likely agree with which aspect of Nietzsche’s philosophy?

A
God was dead but higher power still exists.
B
If one found meaning in dominating others, that was fine.
C
Humans have a purpose for being on earth and should follow it.
D
People were aware of their own existence and animals were not.
49

Wittgenstein felt that a true philosopher should be above popular culture.

A
True
B
False
50

What do phenomenalism and existentialism have in common?

A
They both are examinations of language.
B
They both consider the nature of existence.
C
They both reject the idea that man is inherently good or evil.
D
They both abandoned standard philosophical principles.

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