AnswersChemistryReaction Rates and Equilibrium

Reaction Rates and Equilibrium — Test Answers

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1
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What does cap d represent?

A
energy of the reactants
B
products, cap n plus cap m
C
energy of the products
D
reactants, cap q plus cap r
2
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Which letter represents the activated complex?

A
cap g
B
cap f
C
cap A
D
cap b
3

Which will not appear in the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction below? cap h sub 2 cap o g plus cap c times s long left right arrow cap h sub 2 of g plus CO times g

A
cap c
B
CO
C
open bracket cap h sub 2 close bracket
D
open bracket cap h sub 2 cap o close bracket
4

Which statement best applies collision theory to preventing a dangerous reaction from occurring?

A
Store the reactants together at a low pressure.
B
Store the reactants together at a low temperature.
C
Keep the reactants in separate containers.
D
Keep all sparks or flames away from the reactants.
5

Consider the reaction. 2 SO sub 2 g plus cap o sub 2 times g long left right arrow 2 SO sub 3 g When does the given chemical system reach dynamic equilibrium?

A
when the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal
B
when the concentration of the reactants is higher than the concentration of the products
C
when the rate of the forward reaction is higher than the rate of the reverse reaction
D
when the forward and reverse reactions stop
6

Consider the equation below. CaCO sub 3 times s long left right arrow CaO times s plus CO sub 2 times g What is the equilibrium constant expression for the given reaction?

A
cap k sub e q is equal to the fraction with numerator open bracket CO sub 2 close bracket times CaO and denominator open paren CaCO sub 3 close paren
B
cap k sub e q is equal to the fraction with numerator 1 and denominator open paren CO sub 2 close paren
C
cap k sub e q is equal to open bracket CO sub 2 close bracket
D
cap k sub e q is equal to the fraction with numerator CaO and denominator open paren CaCO sub 3 close paren
7

Combustion of gasoline in automobiles produces poisonous gases. Catalytic converters that contain solid platinum, palladium, and rhodium change these poisonous gases into harmless gases. Which statement describes the catalyst?

A
It increases the energy that is needed for the reaction to occur.
B
It combines with poisonous gases to make them harmless.
C
It provides an alternative pathway for the reaction.
D
It is a homogeneous catalyst.
8

According to Le Chatelier’s principle, what happens when the concentration of reactants is doubled in a chemical reaction that was in equilibrium?

A
The equilibrium is unaffected by the increase in concentration.
B
The equilibrium shifts to the left to favor the formation of reactants.
C
The equilibrium shifts to the right to favor the formation of products.
D
The equilibrium is lost because the concentrations have been disturbed.
9

A student decides to use the rate law when investigating the reaction between sodium bicarbonate and vinegar. NaHCO sub 3 times s plus CH sub 3 COOH A q rightarrow Na raised to the plus A q power plus CH sub 3 COO raised to the negative A q power plus cap h sub 2 cap o l plus CO sub 2 times g Why would a student use rate laws in this investigation?

A
to see how concentrations of NaHCO sub 3 and CH sub 3 COOH affect reaction rate
B
to see how much sodium acetate is formed
C
to find out if NaHCO sub 3 or CH sub 3 COOH is acting as a catalyst
D
to find out if more aqueous solution than gas is produced
10

Consider this equation in chemical equilibrium. cap c sub 2 cap h sub 4 g plus cap h sub 2 of g if and only if cap c sub 2 cap h sub 6 g plus 137 kJ What happens to the amount of ethane open paren cap c sub 2 cap h sub 6 close paren when the temperature of the system is increased?

A
The amount of ethane increases initially and then decreases.
B
The amount of ethane decreases.
C
The amount of ethane decreases initially and then increases.
D
The amount of ethane increases.
11

Consider the rate law. cap r is equal to k times open bracket NO sub 2 close bracket squared What happens to the rate if the concentration is tripled?

A
The rate increases by a factor of 9 .
B
The rate triples.
C
The rate doubles.
D
The rate decreases by a factor of 6 .
12

Jason has a balanced chemical equation and a rate law for a chemical reaction. What should he do to determine the overall order of the reaction?

A
add the exponents of the concentrations in the rate law
B
add the coefficients of the reactants and products from the balanced equation
C
add the number of reactants to the rate constant
D
add the coefficients of the reactants from the balanced equation
13

Which statement defines enzymatic activity ?

A
Enzymes regulate cellular functions through feedback mechanisms.
B
Enzymes are required to slow down biological reactions within cells.
C
Specific enzymes can catalyze a wide variety of chemical reactions.
D
Enzymes bind substrates so that reactive groups have many different orientations.
14

The dissociation of a weak electrolyte is suppressed when

A
a strong electrolyte with a common ion is added to the weak electrolyte solution.
B
a strong electrolyte with a different ion than the weak electrolyte is added.
C
the strong electrolyte solidifies in the presence of the weak electrolyte.
D
a strong salt is dissolved with the weak electrolyte solution.
15

Which statement best describes why industry uses heterogeneous catalysts?

A
They form strong bonds with reactant molecules.
B
They tend to be more stable.
C
They are all gases at room temperature.
D
They cause stronger bonds to form between molecules.
16

Which is an overall third-order reaction?

A
cap r is equal to k cap x cap y
B
cap r is equal to k cap A cap b to the 1th power
C
cap r is equal to k cap A squared cap b
D
cap r is equal to k cap x squared cap y cubed
17

Consider the chemical equilibrium of a soap that is present in its aqueous solution. Expand Image What will happen if a large quantity of NaCl is added to the aqueous solution?

A
The equilibrium will be permanently destroyed by the addition of NaCl .
B
The equilibrium will shift to the right, favoring the dissociation of soap in aqueous solution.
C
The equilibrium will shift to the left to such an extent that it leads to the precipitation of solid soap.
D
The equilibrium will not be affected by the addition of NaCl to the solution.
18

Consider the following reversible reaction. CO times g plus 2 cap h sub 2 g long left right arrow CH sub 3 OH g What is the equilibrium constant expression for the given system?

A
cap k sub e q is equal to the fraction with numerator CO times open bracket cap h sub 2 close bracket squared and denominator open paren CH sub 3 OH close paren
B
cap k sub e q is equal to the fraction with numerator CO times open bracket cap h sub 2 close bracket and denominator open paren CH sub 3 OH close paren
C
cap k sub e q is equal to the fraction with numerator open paren CH sub 3 OH close paren and denominator CO times open bracket cap h sub 2 close bracket
D
cap k sub e q is equal to the fraction with numerator open paren CH sub 3 OH close paren and denominator CO times open bracket cap h sub 2 close bracket squared
19

Which statement describes a homogeneous catalyst?

A
It forms different products than the uncatalyzed reaction forms.
B
It is in a gaseous phase only.
C
It is in the same phase as the reactants.
D
It is completely consumed by reactants.
20

Which energy graph represents the nonspontaneous transition of graphite into diamond?

A
Image with description A graph with Reaction progression on the horizontal axis and energy on the vertical axis. A line starts low on the vertical axis, runs briefly parallel to the horizontal axis, slopes up sharply, curves down a short distance, and levels out.
B
Image with description A graph with Reaction progression on the horizontal axis and energy on the vertical axis. A line starts midway up the vertical axis, runs briefly parallel to the horizontal axis, slopes up a small amount, then curves down to level out below the initial starting point.
C
Image with description A graph with Reaction progression on the horizontal axis and energy on the vertical axis. A line starts midway up the vertical axis, runs briefly parallel to the horizontal axis, slopes up sharply, curves down sharply, and levels out below the initial starting point.
D
Image with description A graph with Reaction progression on the horizontal axis and energy on the vertical axis. A line starts midway up the vertical axis, runs briefly parallel to the horizontal axis, slopes up a moderate amount, then curves down sharply to level out below the initial starting point.

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